745 citations · 1.2k across the 13 of their papers we have counts for
3 papers · 1 filter
Does Infrastructure Investment Lead to Economic Growth or Economic Fragility? Evidence from China
Atif Ansar, Bent Flyvbjerg, Alexander Budzier +1
The prevalent view in the economics literature is that a high level of infrastructure investment is a precursor to economic growth. China is especially held up as a model to emulat…
The Oxford Olympics Study 2016: Cost and Cost Overrun at the Games
Bent Flyvbjerg, Allison Stewart, Alexander Budzier
Given that Olympic Games held over the past decade each have cost USD 8.9 billion on average, the size and financial risks of the Games warrant study. The objectives of the Oxford…
Big is Fragile: An Attempt at Theorizing Scale
Atif Ansar, Bent Flyvbjerg, Alexander Budzier +1
In this paper we characterise the propensity of big capital investments to systematically deliver poor outcomes as "fragility," a notion suggested by Nassim Taleb. A thing or syste…