2 papers
math-ph2024
A mathematical definition of complex adaptive system as interaction space
Paolo Giordano
We define a mathematical notion of complex adaptive system by following the original intuition of G.K. Zipf about the principle of least effort, an intuitive idea which is nowadays…
math-ph2024
Interaction spaces: towards a universal mathematical theory of complex systems
Paolo Giordano
We present the first steps of interaction spaces theory, a universal mathematical theory of complex systems which is able to embed cellular automata, agent based models, master equ…