$\sigma$-Irregularity of Trees with Prescribed Maximum Degree: A Majorization--Duality--Stability Framework

Jasem Hamoud, Duaa Abdullah

Trees of maximum $\sigma$-irregularity subject to a prescribed maximum degree $\Delta$ have been characterized for $\Delta =4$ and $\Delta =5$, with the extension to arbitrary $\Delta ⩾3$. This paper…