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viper: High-precision radial velocities from the optical to the infrared (Reaching 3 m/s in the K band of CRIRES+ with telluric modelling)
J. Köhler, M. Zechmeister, A. Hatzes +18
In recent years, a number of new instruments and data reduction pipelines have been developed to obtain high-precision radial velocities (RVs). In particular in the optical, consid…
Accurate calibration spectra for precision radial velocities -- Iodine absorption referenced by a laser frequency comb
Ansgar Reiners, Michael Debus, Sebastian Schäfer +2
Astronomical spectrographs require frequency calibration through sources like hollow-cathode lamps or absorption-gas cells. Laser frequency combs (LFCs) provide highest accuracy bu…
ANDES, the high resolution spectrograph for the ELT: science goals, project overview and future developments
A. Marconi, M. Abreu, V. Adibekyan +286
The first generation of ELT instruments includes an optical-infrared high-resolution spectrograph, indicated as ELT-HIRES and recently christened ANDES (ArmazoNes high Dispersion E…
Optical ray tracing of echelle spectrographs applied to the wavelength solution for precise radial velocities
Marcelo Tala Pinto, Adrian Kaminski, Andreas Quirrenbach +1
We present , a ray tracing software package that computes the path of rays through echelle spectrographs. Our algorithm is based on sequential direct tracing with Se…
Ground-breaking Exoplanet Science with the ANDES spectrograph at the ELT
Enric Palle, Katia Biazzo, Emeline Bolmont +56
In the past decade the study of exoplanet atmospheres at high-spectral resolution, via transmission/emission spectroscopy and cross-correlation techniques for atomic/molecular mapp…
The CARMENES search for exoplanets around M dwarfs. Radial velocities and activity indicators from cross-correlation functions with weighted binary masks
M. Lafarga, I. Ribas, C. Lovis +24
For years, the standard procedure to measure radial velocities (RVs) of spectral observations consisted in cross-correlating the spectra with a binary mask, that is, a simple stell…
Spectrum radial velocity analyser (SERVAL). High-precision radial velocities and two alternative spectral indicators
M. Zechmeister, A. Reiners, P. J. Amado +18
Context: The CARMENES survey is a high-precision radial velocity (RV) programme that aims to detect Earth-like planets orbiting low-mass stars. Aims: We develop least-squares fitti…
Calibrating echelle spectrographs with Fabry-Perot etalons
Florian F. Bauer, Mathias Zechmeister, Ansgar Reiners
Over the past decades hollow-cathode lamps have been calibration standards for spectroscopic measurements. Advancing to cm/s radial velocity precisions with the next generation of…
Flat-relative optimal extraction. A quick and efficient algorithm for stabilised spectrographs
M. Zechmeister, G. Anglada-Escudé, A. Reiners
Optimal extraction is a key step in processing the raw images of spectra as registered by two-dimensional detector arrays to a one-dimensional format. Previously reported algorithm…
The generalised Lomb-Scargle periodogram. A new formalism for the floating-mean and Keplerian periodograms
M. Zechmeister, M. Kürster
The Lomb-Scargle periodogram is a common tool in the frequency analysis of unequally spaced data equivalent to least-squares fitting of sine waves. We give an analytic solution for…