205 citations · 1.2k across the 33 of their papers we have counts for
35 papers
Disease from opposing forces in regulatory control
Steven A. Frank
Danger requires a strong rapid response. Speedy triggers are prone to false signals. False alarms can be costly, requiring strong negative regulators to oppose the initial triggers…
Robustness and complexity
Steven A. Frank
When a biological system robustly corrects component-level errors, the direct pressure on component performance declines. Components may become less reliable, maintain more genetic…
Automatic differentiation and the optimization of differential equation models in biology
Steven A. Frank
A computational revolution unleashed the power of artificial neural networks. At the heart of that revolution is automatic differentiation, which calculates the derivative of a per…
Optimizing differential equations to fit data and predict outcomes
Steven A. Frank
Many scientific problems focus on observed patterns of change or on how to design a system to achieve particular dynamics. Those problems often require fitting differential equatio…
The fundamental equations of change in statistical ensembles and biological populations
Steven A. Frank, Frank J. Bruggeman
A recent article in Nature Physics unified key results from thermodynamics, statistics, and information theory. The unification arose from a general equation for the rate of change…
Metabolic heat in microbial conflict and cooperation
Steven A. Frank
Many microbes live in habitats below their optimum temperature. Retention of metabolic heat by aggregation or insulation would boost growth. Generation of excess metabolic heat may…