212 citations · 469 across the 11 of their papers we have counts for
Showing 2011 · nlin.AOShow all
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nlin.AO2011
Pervasive Flexibility in Living Technologies through Degeneracy Based Design
James Whitacre, Axel Bender
The capacity to adapt can greatly influence the success of systems that need to compensate for damaged parts, learn how to achieve robust performance in new environments, or exploi…
nlin.AO2011★ 2 cited
Evolutionary Mechanics: new engineering principles for the emergence of flexibility in a dynamic and uncertain world
James M Whitacre, Philipp Rohlfshagen, Axel Bender +1
Engineered systems are designed to deftly operate under predetermined conditions yet are notoriously fragile when unexpected perturbations arise. In contrast, biological systems op…