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cs.CL2026

FlashMap: Flow Map Speculative Decoding

Jeff Shen, Zhejian Zhou, Ryan Lee +2

Speculative decoding accelerates large language model (LLM) inference by using a lightweight drafter to propose a block of tokens that the target model verifies in one parallel pas…

cs.AI2026

How To Train Your World Model: Fine-tuning vs RAG for LM-based World Modeling

Dhananjay Ashok, Shantanu Agarwal, Vivek Datla +2

World models (WMs) simulate the transition dynamics of environments, enabling agents to plan over the consequences of their actions. In text-based environments, fine-tuning a Langu…

cs.AI2026

Toward Interactive Understanding of Code APIs

Dhananjay Ashok, Jesse Thomason, Jonathan May

Empowered by advances in Language Model agents, systems have made substantial strides in code generation and understanding. However, these approaches often rely on read access to t…

cs.LG2026

Sparse Layers are Critical to Scaling Looped Language Models

Ryan Lee, Jacob Biloki, Edward J. Hu +1

Looped language models repeat a set of transformer layers through depth, reducing memory costs and providing natural early-exit points at loop boundaries. However, looped models do…

cs.CL2026

How Language Models Process Negation

Zhejian Zhou, Tianyi Zhou, Robin Jia +1

We study how Large Language Models (LLMs) process negation mechanistically. First, we establish that even though open-weight models often provide wrong answers to questions involvi…

cs.CL2026

Conceptual Steganography

Zhejian Zhou, Jonathan May

Language Models (LMs) emit Chains-of-Thought (CoTs) that drive much of their capability. However, the same sequence that carries useful reasoning can also covertly convey messages:…