7 citations · 17 across the 12 of their papers we have counts for
12 papers
When Staking Rewards Compound: Measuring the Impact of Ethereum's Pectra Upgrade
Mohammed Benseddik, Benjamin Kraner, Claudio J. Tessone
Ethereum's beacon chain hosts over 920,000 active validators, a number inflated by the legacy 32 ETH stake cap. The Pectra upgrade (May 2025) addresses this by introducing 0x02 com…
The Impact of Sanctions on decentralised Privacy Tools: A Case Study of Tornado Cash
Raffaele Cristodaro, Benjamin Kraner, Claudio J. Tessone
This paper investigates the impact of sanctions on Tornado Cash, a smart contract protocol designed to enhance transaction privacy. Following the U.S. Department of the Treasury's…
Clustering Deposit and Withdrawal Activity in Tornado Cash: A Cross-Chain Analysis
Raffaele Cristodaro, Benjamin Kraner, Claudio J. Tessone
Tornado Cash is a decentralised mixer that uses cryptographic techniques to sever the on-chain trail between depositors and withdrawers. In practice, however, its anonymity can be…
Money in Motion: Micro-Velocity and Usage of Ethereums Liquid Staking Tokens
Benjamin Kraner, Luca Pennella, Nicolò Vallarano +1
We introduce a micro-velocity framework for analysing the on-chain circulation of Lidos liquid-staking tokens, stETH, and its wrapped ERC-20 form, wstETH. By reconstructing full tr…
An Improved Algorithm to Identify More Arbitrage Opportunities on Decentralized Exchanges
Yu Zhang, Tao Yan, Jianhong Lin +2
In decentralized exchanges (DEXs), the arbitrage paths exist abundantly in the form of both arbitrage loops (e.g. the arbitrage path starts from token A and back to token A again i…
SoK: Liquid Staking Tokens (LSTs) and Emerging Trends in Restaking
Krzysztof Gogol, Yaron Velner, Benjamin Kraner +1
Liquid staking and restaking represent recent innovations in Decentralized Finance (DeFi) that garnered user interest and capital. Liquid Staking Tokens (LSTs), tokenized represent…
Liquid Staking Tokens in Automated Market Makers
Krzysztof Gogol, Robin Fritsch, Malte Schlosser +3
This paper studies liquid staking tokens (LSTs) on automated market makers (AMMs), both theoretically and empirically. LSTs are tokenized representations of staked assets on proof-…
Analyzing Reward Dynamics and Decentralization in Ethereum 2.0: An Advanced Data Engineering Workflow and Comprehensive Datasets for Proof-of-Stake Incentives
Tao Yan, Shengnan Li, Benjamin Kraner +2
Ethereum 2.0, as the preeminent smart contract blockchain platform, guarantees the precise execution of applications without third-party intervention. At its core, this system leve…
Cross-border Exchange of CBDCs using Layer-2 Blockchain
Krzysztof Gogol, Johnnatan Messias, Malte Schlosser +2
This paper proposes a novel multi-layer blockchain architecture for the cross-border trading of CBDCs. The permissioned layer-2, by relying on the public consensus of the underlyin…
Empirical and Theoretical Analysis of Liquid Staking Protocols
Krzysztof Gogol, Benjamin Kraner, Malte Schlosser +3
Liquid staking has become the largest category of decentralized finance protocols in terms of total value locked. However, few studies exist on its implementation designs or underl…
Time Moves Faster When There is Nothing You Anticipate: The Role of Time in MEV Rewards
Burak Öz, Benjamin Kraner, Nicolò Vallarano +3
This study explores the intricacies of waiting games, a novel dynamic that emerged with Ethereum's transition to a Proof-of-Stake (PoS)-based block proposer selection protocol. Wit…
Agent-Based Modelling of Ethereum Consensus
Benjamin Kraner, Nicolò Vallarano, Claudio J. Tessone +1
This paper presents a study of the Poof-of-Stake (PoW) Ethereum consensus protocol, following the recent switch from Proof-of-Work (PoS) to Proof-of-Stake within Merge upgrade. The…