Manacá-1B-Instruct-2: Reproducible Safety Alignment for a Native Brazilian-Portuguese LLM. Negative DPO Results, a Controlled Composition Scan, and a Silent Failure Mode of the LLM Judge

Bruno Leonardo Santos Menezes, Carlos Leonardo Souza Cardoso, Fabio André Machado Porto

Brazilian Portuguese remains underserved by open-source language models, and the few that are safety-aligned rarely document what did not work or validate comparisons with statisti…