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physics.soc-ph2026
Who burdens the welfare state? Migration and ageing in housing, education, and healthcare demand
Guillermo Prieto-Viertel, Carsten Källner, Elma Dervic +3
Political discourse attributes the pressure on European welfare systems to foreign nationals. Yet projections of service demand rarely disaggregate service demand by citizenship st…
physics.soc-ph2025
Arriving Young, Leaving Old(er): Age-Structured International Migration on Subnational Scale in Austria
Carsten Källner, Ola Ali, Andrea Vismara +2
Modelling migration is complicated, as people move for many reasons. Some leave their country for the first time, others return to places they once called home, or move on to new d…
physics.soc-ph2025
Who Waits the Longest? Unequal Paths to Legal Stability among Migrants and Refugees
Ola Ali, Elma Dervic, Guillermo Prieto-Viertel +4
Legal systems shape not only the recognition of migrants and refugees but also the pace and stability of their integration. Refugees often shift between multiple legal classificati…