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20232026
most citedClosed universes in two dimensional gravity

22 citations · 41 across the 8 of their papers we have counts for

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hep-th2026

Anti-scrambling and euclidean folds from observer correlators in de Sitter space

Daniel Harlow, Ying Zhao

The de Sitter horizon behaves in a qualitatively different way from a black hole horizon, which poses a challenge to any attempt to develop a fundamental quantum description of de…

hep-th2026

"It from Bit": The Hartle-Hawking state and quantum mechanics for de Sitter observers

Ying Zhao

The one-state statement for closed universes has sparked considerable discussion. In this paper, we examine its physical meaning in the context of the Hartle-Hawking state and de S…

hep-th2025★ 1 cited

Holographic Black Hole Formation and Scrambling in Time-Ordered Correlators

Pratyusha Chowdhury, Felix M. Haehl, Adrián Sánchez-Garrido +1

We describe a holographic mechanism for black hole formation via the collision of two shock waves in three-dimensional anti-de Sitter spacetime. In the dual conformal field theory…

hep-th2025★ 2 cited

Quantum mechanics and observers for gravity in a closed universe

Daniel Harlow, Mykhaylo Usatyuk, Ying Zhao

Recent arguments based on the quantum extremal surface formula or the gravitational path integral have given fairly compelling evidence that the Hilbert space of quantum gravity in…

hep-th2024

De Sitter quantum gravity and the emergence of local algebras

Molly Kaplan, Donald Marolf, Xuyang Yu +1

Quantum theories of gravity are generally expected to have some degree of non-locality, with familiar local physics emerging only in a particular limit. Perturbative quantum gravit…

hep-th2024

Closed universes, factorization, and ensemble averaging

Mykhaylo Usatyuk, Ying Zhao

We study closed universes in holographic theories of quantum gravity. We argue that within any fixed theory, factorization implies there is one unique closed universe state. The wa…

hep-th2024★ 22 cited

Closed universes in two dimensional gravity

Mykhaylo Usatyuk, Zi-Yue Wang, Ying Zhao

We study closed universes in simple models of two dimensional gravity, such as Jackiw-Teiteilboim (JT) gravity coupled to matter, and a toy topological model that captures the key…

hep-th2023★ 16 cited

Boundary signature of singularity in the presence of a shock wave

Gary T. Horowitz, Henry Leung, Leonel Queimada +1

Matter falling into a Schwarzschild-AdS black hole from the left causes increased focussing of ingoing geodesics from the right, and, as a consequence, they reach the singularity s…