2 papers
physics.app-ph2018
Invited Article: 4D Printing as a New Paradigm for Manufacturing with Minimum Energy Consumption
Farhang Momeni, Jun Ni
4D printing is a new manufacturing paradigm that combines stimuli-responsive materials, mathematics, and multi-material additive manufacturing to yield encoded multi-material struc…
physics.app-ph2018
Laws of 4D printing
Farhang Momeni, Jun Ni
The main difference between 3D and 4D printed structures is one extra dimension that is smart evolution over time. However, currently, there is no general formula to model and pred…