A Variety of Nontopological Solitons in a Spontaneously Broken U(1) Gauge Theory -- Dust Balls, Shell Balls, and Potential Balls

Hideki Ishihara, Tatsuya Ogawa

We show, by numerical calculations, that there exist three-types of stationary and spherically symmetric nontopological soliton solutions (NTS-balls) with large sizes in the couple…