26 citations · 43 across the 4 of their papers we have counts for
4 papers
Heat kernel approach for confined quantum gas
Ping Zhang, Tong Liu
In this paper, based on the heat kernel technique, we calculate equations of state and thermodynamic quantities for ideal quantum gases in confined space with external potential. C…
Probability Thermodynamics and Probability Quantum Field
Ping Zhang, Wen-Du Li, Tong Liu +1
We introduce probability thermodynamics and probability quantum fields. By probability we mean that there is an unknown operator, physical or nonphysical, whose eigenvalues obey a…
Scattering theory without large-distance asymptotics
Tong Liu, Wen-Du Li, Wu-Sheng Dai
In conventional scattering theory, to obtain an explicit result, one imposes a precondition that the distance between target and observer is infinite. With the help of this precond…
An intermediate distribution between Gaussian and Cauchy distributions
Tong Liu, Ping Zhang, Wu-Sheng Dai +1
In this paper, we construct an intermediate distribution linking the Gaussian and the Cauchy distribution. We provide the probability density function and the corresponding charact…