4 papers
Alternative Visual Units for an Optimized Phoneme-Based Lipreading System
Helen Bear, Richard Harvey
Lipreading is understanding speech from observed lip movements. An observed series of lip motions is an ordered sequence of visual lip gestures. These gestures are commonly known,…
Comparing heterogeneous visual gestures for measuring the diversity of visual speech signals
Helen L Bear, Richard Harvey
Visual lip gestures observed whilst lipreading have a few working definitions, the most common two are; `the visual equivalent of a phoneme' and `phonemes which are indistinguishab…
Phoneme-to-viseme mappings: the good, the bad, and the ugly
Helen L Bear, Richard Harvey
Visemes are the visual equivalent of phonemes. Although not precisely defined, a working definition of a viseme is "a set of phonemes which have identical appearance on the lips".…
Comparing phonemes and visemes with DNN-based lipreading
Kwanchiva Thangthai, Helen L Bear, Richard Harvey
There is debate if phoneme or viseme units are the most effective for a lipreading system. Some studies use phoneme units even though phonemes describe unique short sounds; other s…