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19952025
most citedOpportunities for mesoscopics in thermometry and refrigeration: Physics and applications

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cond-mat1995★ 274 cited

Efficient Peltier refrigeration by a pair of normal metal/ insulator/superconductor junctions

M. M. Leivo, J. P. Pekola, D. V. Averin

We suggest and demonstrate in experiment that two normal metal /insulator/ superconductor (NIS) tunnel junctions combined in series to form a symmetric SINIS structure can operate…