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20182026
most citedDeepSeek-R1: Incentivizing Reasoning Capability in LLMs via Reinforcement Learning

978 citations · 1.7k across the 38 of their papers we have counts for

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21 papers · 1 filter

cs.CL2026

DeepSeek-V4: Towards Highly Efficient Million-Token Context Intelligence

DeepSeek-AI, Anyi Xu, Bangcai Lin +315

We present a preview version of DeepSeek-V4 series, including two strong Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) language models -- DeepSeek-V4-Pro with 1.6T parameters (49B activated) and DeepSe…

cs.CL2026

TLPO: Token-Level Policy Optimization for Mitigating Language Confusion in Large Language Models

Jinho Choo, JunSeung Lee, Jimyeong Kim +3

Large language models (LLMs) demonstrate strong multilingual capabilities, yet often fail to consistently generate responses in the intended language, exhibiting a phenomenon known…

cs.CL2026

Adam's Law: Textual Frequency Law on Large Language Models

Hongyuan Adam Lu, Z. L., Victor Wei +5

While textual frequency has been validated as relevant to human cognition in reading speed, its relatedness to Large Language Models (LLMs) is seldom studied. We propose a novel re…

cs.CL2026

Gender Bias in MT for a Genderless Language: New Benchmarks for Basque

Amaia Murillo, Olatz-Perez-de-Viñaspre, Naiara Perez

Large language models (LLMs) and machine translation (MT) systems are increasingly used in our daily lives, but their outputs can reproduce gender bias present in the training data…

cs.CL2025★ 8 cited

DeepSeek-V3.2: Pushing the Frontier of Open Large Language Models

DeepSeek-AI, Aixin Liu, Aoxue Mei +260

We introduce DeepSeek-V3.2, a model that harmonizes high computational efficiency with superior reasoning and agent performance. The key technical breakthroughs of DeepSeek-V3.2 ar…

cs.CL2025

The Bias is in the Details: An Assessment of Cognitive Bias in LLMs

R. Alexander Knipper, Charles S. Knipper, Kaiqi Zhang +3

As Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly embedded in real-world decision-making processes, it becomes crucial to examine the extent to which they exhibit cognitive biases.…

cs.CL2025

CoLD: Counterfactually-Guided Length Debiasing for Process Reward Models in Mathematical Reasoning

Congmin Zheng, Jiachen Zhu, Jianghao Lin +6

Process Reward Models (PRMs) play a central role in evaluating and guiding multi-step reasoning in large language models (LLMs), especially for mathematical problem solving. Howeve…

cs.CL2025★ 5 cited

FinanceReasoning: Benchmarking Financial Numerical Reasoning More Credible, Comprehensive and Challenging

Zichen Tang, Haihong E, Ziyan Ma +10

We introduce FinanceReasoning, a novel benchmark designed to evaluate the reasoning capabilities of large reasoning models (LRMs) in financial numerical reasoning problems. Compare…

cs.CL2025

Jailbreak Distillation: Renewable Safety Benchmarking

Jingyu Zhang, Ahmed Elgohary, Xiawei Wang +5

Large language models (LLMs) are rapidly deployed in critical applications, raising urgent needs for robust safety benchmarking. We propose Jailbreak Distillation (JBDistill), a no…

cs.CL2025★ 2 cited

DeepSeek-Prover-V2: Advancing Formal Mathematical Reasoning via Reinforcement Learning for Subgoal Decomposition

Z. Z. Ren, Zhihong Shao, Junxiao Song +15

We introduce DeepSeek-Prover-V2, an open-source large language model designed for formal theorem proving in Lean 4, with initialization data collected through a recursive theorem p…

cs.CL2025★ 978 cited

DeepSeek-R1: Incentivizing Reasoning Capability in LLMs via Reinforcement Learning

DeepSeek-AI, Daya Guo, Dejian Yang +195

General reasoning represents a long-standing and formidable challenge in artificial intelligence. Recent breakthroughs, exemplified by large language models (LLMs) and chain-of-tho…

cs.CL2024★ 268 cited

DeepSeek-V3 Technical Report

DeepSeek-AI, Aixin Liu, Bei Feng +195

We present DeepSeek-V3, a strong Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) language model with 671B total parameters with 37B activated for each token. To achieve efficient inference and cost-effec…

cs.CL2024★ 3 cited

DeepSeek-Prover-V1.5: Harnessing Proof Assistant Feedback for Reinforcement Learning and Monte-Carlo Tree Search

Huajian Xin, Z. Z. Ren, Junxiao Song +14

We introduce DeepSeek-Prover-V1.5, an open-source language model designed for theorem proving in Lean 4, which enhances DeepSeek-Prover-V1 by optimizing both training and inference…

cs.CL2024★ 89 cited

DeepSeekMath: Pushing the Limits of Mathematical Reasoning in Open Language Models

Zhihong Shao, Peiyi Wang, Qihao Zhu +8

Mathematical reasoning poses a significant challenge for language models due to its complex and structured nature. In this paper, we introduce DeepSeekMath 7B, which continues pre-…

cs.CL2024★ 95 cited

DeepSeek LLM: Scaling Open-Source Language Models with Longtermism

DeepSeek-AI, :, Xiao Bi +85

The rapid development of open-source large language models (LLMs) has been truly remarkable. However, the scaling law described in previous literature presents varying conclusions,…

cs.CL2022★ 4 cited

Biologically Inspired Design Concept Generation Using Generative Pre-Trained Transformers

Qihao Zhu, Xinyu Zhang, Jianxi Luo

Biological systems in nature have evolved for millions of years to adapt and survive the environment. Many features they developed can be inspirational and beneficial for solving t…

cs.CL2022★ 2 cited

Generative Transformers for Design Concept Generation

Qihao Zhu, Jianxi Luo

Generating novel and useful concepts is essential during the early design stage to explore a large variety of design opportunities, which usually requires advanced design thinking…

cs.CL2022

Generative Pre-Trained Transformers for Biologically Inspired Design

Qihao Zhu, Xinyu Zhang, Jianxi Luo

Biological systems in nature have evolved for millions of years to adapt and survive the environment. Many features they developed can be inspirational and beneficial for solving t…

cs.CL2022★ 10 cited

Generative Design Ideation: A Natural Language Generation Approach

Qihao Zhu, Jianxi Luo

This paper aims to explore a generative approach for knowledge-based design ideation by applying the latest pre-trained language models in artificial intelligence (AI). Specificall…

cs.CL2021★ 8 cited

Generative Pre-Trained Transformer for Design Concept Generation: An Exploration

Qihao Zhu, Jianxi Luo

Novel concepts are essential for design innovation and can be generated with the aid of data stimuli and computers. However, current generative design algorithms focus on diagramma…

cs.CL2020★ 9 cited

OCoR: An Overlapping-Aware Code Retriever

Qihao Zhu, Zeyu Sun, Xiran Liang +2

Code retrieval helps developers reuse the code snippet in the open-source projects. Given a natural language description, code retrieval aims to search for the most relevant code a…