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An Empirical Study of Architectural Shift from Traditional to AI-Enabled Simulink Controllers
Hadiza Umar Yusuf, Khouloud Gaaloul
Effective AI adoption in cyber-physical systems (CPS) depends on embedding design knowledge into engineering practice. Yet as AI-enabled components increasingly replace analyticall…
Teach-to-Crash: A Closed-Loop Student-Teacher LLM Framework for Collision-Inducing Test Scenario Generation
Zaid Ghazal, Khouloud Gaaloul, Bruce Maxim
Validating Autonomous Driving Systems (ADS) in simulation requires testing architectures that can discover rare, safety-critical failures while generating scenarios that are execut…
Grammar-Constrained Refinement of Safety Operational Rules Using Language in the Loop: What Could Go Wrong
Khouloud Gaaloul, Zaid Ghazal, Madhu Latha Pulimi +1
Safety specifications in cyber-physical systems (CPS) capture the operational conditions the system must satisfy to operate safely within its intended environment. As operating env…
Towards Counterfactual Explanation and Assertion Inference for CPS Debugging
Zaid Ghazal, Hadiza Yusuf, Khouloud Gaaloul
Verification and validation of cyber-physical systems (CPS) via large-scale simulation often surface failures that are hard to interpret, especially when triggered by interactions…