8 papers
Anomalously high deuterium fractionation in a galactic translucent cloud: a challenge to chemical models
Gan Luo, Zhi-Yu Zhang, Thomas G. Bisbas +8
Deuterated (D-) species have long been proposed to diagnose the physical conditions and chemical evolution of cold dense molecular clouds. While deuterium fractionation has been ex…
Star Formation Drives Production of Low Energy Cosmic Rays
Ningyu Tang, Jiahao Liu, Di Li +18
For over a century, the origin of low-energy cosmic rays (LECRs), the dominant heaters and ionizers of dense interstellar gas, remains elusive owing to solar modulation and uncerta…
CO-dark molecular gas traced by HCO in the diffuse interstellar medium
Daniel R. Rybarczyk, Michael P. Busch, J. R. Dawson +2
A classic problem in the study of the interstellar medium (ISM) is the near-invisibility of molecular hydrogen (H) in cold environments. Observations of CO emission are typical…
The evolution of CH in Planck Galactic Cold Clumps
Gan Luo, Arshia M. Jacob, Marco Padovani +6
Methylidyne (CH) has long been considered a reliable tracer of molecular gas in the low-to-intermediate extinction range. Although extended CH 3.3 GHz emission is commonly observed…
Dense gas properties and star formation in M 82
Fei Li, Zhi-Yu Zhang, Junzhi Wang +1
High-density molecular gas plays a vital role in supporting star formation within galaxies. However, traditional tracers of dense gas, such as the low- transitions of HCN and HC…
Metallicity dependence of the CO-to-H and the [CI]-to-H conversion factors in galaxies
Thomas G. Bisbas, Zhi-Yu Zhang, Maria-Christina Kyrmanidou +6
Understanding the molecular gas content in the interstellar medium (ISM) is crucial for studying star formation and galaxy evolution. The CO-to-H () and the [CI]-to…