82 citations · 675 across the 34 of their papers we have counts for
23 papers · 1 filter
Stress in static force fields and the sign of the D-term
Adam Freese
The sign of the D-term is negative for a variety of hadrons, including the proton and pion. Speculation that this is the result of a mechanical stability condition has persisted de…
Reflections on Noether's second theorem and the energy-momentum tensor
Adam Freese
Through symmetry of the action under global spacetime translations, Noether's first theorem infamously entails an energy-momentum tensor (EMT) that is neither symmetric nor gauge-i…
Mechanical form factors and densities of non-relativistic fermions
Adam Freese
The hadron physics community has been actively debating the interpretation of so-called mechanical properties of hadrons. Non-relativistic quantum-mechanical systems like the hydro…
Synchronization effects on rest frame energy and momentum densities in the proton
Adam Freese, Gerald A. Miller
We obtain two-dimensional relativistic densities and currents of energy and momentum in a proton at rest. These densities are obtained at surfaces of fixed light front time, which…
The case for an EIC Theory Alliance: Theoretical Challenges of the EIC
Raktim Abir, Igor Akushevich, Tolga Altinoluk +167
We outline the physics opportunities provided by the Electron Ion Collider (EIC). These include the study of the parton structure of the nucleon and nuclei, the onset of gluon satu…
Shedding light on shadow generalized parton distributions
Eric Moffat, Adam Freese, Ian Cloët +6
The feasibility of extracting generalized parton distributions (GPDs) from deeply-virtual Compton scattering (DVCS) data has recently been questioned because of the existence of an…
Light front synchronization and rest frame densities of the proton: Electromagnetic densities
Adam Freese, Gerald A. Miller
We clarify the physical origin and meaning of the two-dimensional relativistic densities of the light front formalism. The densities are shown to originate entirely from the use of…
The gravitational form factors of the electron in quantum electrodynamics
Adam Freese, Andreas Metz, Barbara Pasquini +1
We calculate the gravitational form factors of the electron at one loop in quantum electrodynamics, decomposing these into contributions from the electron and photon parts of the e…
A convolution formalism for defining spatial densities of hadrons
Adam Freese, Gerald A. Miller
We clarify the meaning of spatial densities of hadrons. A physical density is given by the expectation value of a local operator for a physical state, and depends on both internal…
Mass decomposition of the pion in the 't Hooft model
Adam Freese, Gerald A. Miller
We obtain the energy-momentum tensor (EMT) in the 't Hooft model of two-dimensional quantum chromodynamics. The EMT is decomposed into contributions from quark and gluon fields, wi…
Spatial densities of the photon on the light front
Adam Freese, Wim Cosyn
The light front densities of momentum, angular momentum, and intrinsic pressure are calculated for the photon, both in the free case and at leading order in quantum electrodynamics…
Spatial densities of momentum and forces in spin-one hadrons
Adam Freese, Wim Cosyn
Densities associated with the energy-momentum tensor are calculated for spin-one targets. These calculations are done in a light front formalism, which accounts for relativistic ef…
Unified formalism for electromagnetic and gravitational probes: densities
Adam Freese, Gerald A. Miller
The use of light front coordinates allows a fully relativistic description of a hadron's spatial densities to be obtained. These densities must be two-dimensional and transverse to…
Genuine empirical pressure within the proton
Adam Freese, Gerald A. Miller
A phenomenological extraction of pressure within the proton has recently been performed using JLab CLAS data (arXiv:2104.02031 [nucl-ex]). The extraction used a 3-dimensional Breit…
Intrinsic Glue and Wilson lines within Dressed Quarks
C. S. R. Costa, Adam Freese, Ian C. Cloët +3
We construct a quark target model (QTM) to incorporate intrinsic glue into effective low-energy models of QCD, which often contain only quark degrees of freedom. This method guaran…
Gluon PDF from Quark dressing in the Nucleon and Pion
Adam Freese, Ian C. Cloët, Peter C. Tandy
Gluon dressing of the light quarks within hadrons is very strong and extremely important in that it dynamically generates most of the observable mass through the breaking of chiral…
Forces within hadrons on the light front
Adam Freese, Gerald A. Miller
In this work, we find the light front densities for momentum and forces, including pressure and shear forces, within hadrons. This is achieved by deriving relativistically correct…
Spatial and Momentum Imaging of the Pion and Kaon
Chao Shi, Kyle Bednar, Ian C. Cloët +1
We determine the leading Fock state light front wave functions (LFWFs) of the pion and kaon via light front projections of the covariant Bethe-Salpeter wave function. Using these L…
The energy-momentum tensor of spin-1 hadrons: formalism
Wim Cosyn, Sabrina Cotogno, Adam Freese +1
We provide the complete decomposition of the local gauge-invariant energy-momentum tensor for spin-1 hadrons, including non-conserved terms for the individual parton flavors and an…
Polynomiality sum rules for generalized parton distributions of spin-1 targets
W. Cosyn, A. Freese, B. Pire
We present the polynomiality sum rules for all leading-twist quark and gluon generalized parton distributions (GPDs) of spin-1 targets such as the deuteron nucleus. The sum rules c…
Extraction of -slopes from experimental and cross section data
Adam Freese, Daniel Puentes, Shankar Adhikari +3
We analyze recent meson photoproduction data from the CLAS collaboration for the reactions and , fitting measured forward-angle dif…
QCD Evolution of Superfast Quarks
Adam J. Freese, Wim Cosyn, Misak M. Sargsian
Recent high-precision measurements of nuclear deep inelastic scattering at high x and moderate 6 < Q < 9GeV give a rare opportunity to reach the quark distributions in the…
Probing superfast quarks in nuclei through dijet production at the LHC
Adam J. Freese, Misak M. Sargsian, Mark I. Strikman
We investigate dijet production from proton-nucleus collisions at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) as a means for observing superfast quarks in nuclei with Bjorken . Kinematica…