Quantum Discord and Maxwell's Demons

Abstract

Quantum discord was proposed as an information theoretic measure of the ``quantumness'' of correlations. I show that discord determines the difference between the efficiency of quantum and classical Maxwell's demons -- that is, entities that can or cannot measure nonlocal observables or carry out conditional quantum operations -- in extracting work from collections of correlated quantum systems.

This is the final version of quant-ph/0202123, to appear in Physical Review A

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