paper

Goldstone Boson Normal Coordinates

arXiv:math-ph/0001033 · doi:10.1007/s002200000342

Abstract

The phenomenon of spontaneous symmetry breaking is well known. It is known to be accompanied with the appearance of the `Goldstone boson'. In this paper we construct the canonical coordinates of the Goldstone boson, for quantum spin systems with short range as well as long range interactions.

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