Quarks and Leptons Beyond the Third Generation

Abstract

The possibility of additional quarks and leptons beyond the three generations already established is discussed. The make-up of this Report is (I) Introduction: the motivations for believing that the present litany of elementary fermions is not complete; (II) Quantum Numbers: possible assignments for additional fermions; (III) Masses and Mixing Angles: mass limits from precision electroweak data, vacuum stability and perturbative gauge unification; empirical constraints on mixing angles; (IV) Lifetimes and Decay Modes: their dependence on the mass spectrum and mixing angles of the additional quarks and leptons; the possibility of exceptionally long lifetimes; (V) Dynamical Symmetry Breaking: the significance of the top quark and other heavy fermions for alternatives to the elementary Higgs Boson; (VI) CP Violation: extensions to more generations and how strong CP may be solved by additional quarks; (VII) Experimental Searches: present status and future prospects; (VIII) Conclusions.

139 pages, 27 figures, 267 references, version to appear in Physics Reports

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• Electroweak Symmetry Breaking via Top Condensation Seesaw
• Massive Doublet Leptons
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Cited by in corpus (241)

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• Updated Status of the Global Electroweak Fit and Constraints on New Physics
• Extra vector-like matter and the lightest Higgs scalar boson mass in low-energy supersymmetry
• Four Statements about the Fourth Generation
• Beautiful Mirrors and Precision Electroweak Data
• Vector-like leptons: Higgs decays and collider phenomenology
• Baryon and Lepton Number as Local Gauge Symmetries
• Phenomenology of non-standard Z couplings in exclusive semileptonic b -> s transitions
• Precision Measurements of Higgs Couplings: Implications for New Physics Scales
• Axigluon as Possible Explanation for $p\bar{p}\to t\bar{t}$ Forward-Backward Asymmetry
• Searching for New Physics beyond the Standard Model in Electric Dipole Moment
• Effects of mixing with quark singlets
• Impact of a Higgs boson at a mass of 126 GeV on the standard model with three and four fermion generations
• Effective description of quark mixing
• Vectorlike leptons at the Large Hadron Collider
• Sealing the fate of a fourth generation of fermions
• The Physics Programme Of The MoEDAL Experiment At The LHC
• Less space for a new family of fermions
• How much space is left for a new family?
• The fourth family: a simple explanation for the observed pattern of anomalies in B-CP asymmetries
• Model-Independent Searches for New Quarks at the LHC
• Precision Constraints on Extra Fermion Generations
• Cosmological Aspects of Higgs Vacuum Metastability
• Difference in B^+ and B^0 Direct CP Asymmetry as Effect of a Fourth Generation
• Z and Z' decays with and without FCNC in 331 models
• The discovery of the fourth family at the LHC: what if?
• Search for heavy bottom-like quarks in 4.9 inverse femtobarns of pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV
• Unitarity triangles and geometrical description of CP violation with Majorana neutrinos
• Search for Fermion-Pair Decays $Q\Qbar \to (\t\Wmp)(\tbar\Wpm)$ in Same-Charge Dilepton Events
• An improved determination of the width of the top quark
• Patterns of Flavour Violation in the Presence of a Fourth Generation of Quarks and Leptons
• Collider aspects of flavour physics at high Q
• Four Generations, the Electroweak Phase Transition, and Supersymmetry
• Pair production of heavy Q=2/3 singlets at LHC
• Prospects for vectorlike leptons at future proton-proton colliders
• Search for pair-produced vectorlike B quarks in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 8 TeV
• Analysis of events with $b$-jets and a pair of leptons of the same charge in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=8$ TeV with the ATLAS detector
• Inclusive search for same-sign dilepton signatures in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV with the ATLAS detector
• Experimental constraints on fourth generation quark masses
• Novel signatures for vector-like quarks
• Search for heavy bottom-like quarks decaying to an electron or muon and jets in $p\bar{p}$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=1.96$ TeV
• Renormalization Group Fixed Point with a Fourth Generation: Higgs-induced Bound States and Condensates
• Constraints on Mass Spectrum of Fourth Generation Fermions and Higgs Bosons
• Constraining couplings of the top quarks to the Z boson in ttbar+Z production at the LHC
• Co-genesis of Matter and Dark Matter with Vector-like Fourth Generation Leptons
• Vector-like Singlet Quarks: a Roadmap
• Neutrino physics at large colliders
• Universality limits on bulk fermions
• Flavor Changing Neutral Currents involving Heavy Quarks with Four Generations
• Search for same-sign top-quark production and fourth-generation down-type quarks in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV with the ATLAS detector
• Composite fermions in Electroweak Symmetry Breaking
• Flavour and polarisation in heavy neutrino production at e+ e- colliders
• Minimal Vector-like leptonic Dark Matter and Signatures at the LHC
• The Hunt for New Physics in the Flavour Sector with up vector-like quarks
• Prospects for top-prime quark discovery at the Tevatron
• Implications of gauge-mediated supersymmetry breaking with vector-like quarks and a ~125 GeV Higgs boson
• Search for heavy vector-like quarks coupling to light quarks in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV with the ATLAS detector
• Search for anomalous production of prompt like-sign muon pairs and constraints on physics beyond the Standard Model with the ATLAS detector
• Two Higgs doublets with 4th generation fermions - models for TeV-scale compositeness
• Search for Heavy Top-like Quarks t' -> Wq Using Lepton Plus Jets Events in 1.96 TeV Proton-Antiproton Collisions
• Signals from extra dimensions decoupled from the compactification scale
• An MSSM Extension with a Mirror Fourth Generation, Neutrino Magnetic Moments and LHC Signatures
• Search for a Heavy Top-Like Quark in p\bar{p} Collisions at {\surd}s = 1.96 TeV
• Petite Unification of Quarks and Leptons: Twenty Two Years After
• Simultaneous Extraction of the Fermi constant and PMNS matrix elements in the presence of a fourth generation
• Low Energy Supersymmetry with Baryon and Lepton Number Gauged
• Search for New Particles Leading to Z+jets Final States in $p\bar{p}$ Collisions at $\sqrt{s}=1.96$ TeV
• Single production of the top partners at high energy colliders
• Dynamical Electroweak Symmetry Breaking with a Heavy Fourth Generation
• Pseudoscalar Higgs Bosons at the LHC: Production and Decays into Electroweak Gauge Bosons Revisited
• Search for pair production of a new quark that decays to a Z boson and a bottom quark with the ATLAS detector
• Beautiful Mirrors, Unification of Couplings and Collider Phenomenology
• Interactions of Astrophysical Neutrinos with Dark Matter: A model building perspective
• Search for a Heavy Bottom-like Quark in pp Collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV
• Supersymmetry and Vector-like Extra Generation
• Direct Mass Limits for Chiral Fourth-Generation Quarks in All Mixing Scenarios
• Dynamical electroweak symmetry breaking with superheavy quarks and 2+1 composite Higgs model
• Family Dependence in SU(3)_C X SU(3)_L X U(1)_X models
• Search for electroweak production of a vector-like quark decaying to a top quark and a Higgs boson using boosted topologies in fully hadronic final states
• Electroweak phase transition in the MSSM with four generations
• New Strongly Coupled Sector at the Tevatron and the LHC
• A model for leptogenesis at the TeV scale
• Scalar Dark Matter and Standard Model with Four Generations
• Perturbativity and a Fourth Generation in the MSSM
• Exploration at the high-energy frontier: ATLAS Run~2 searches investigating the exotic jungle beyond the Standard Model
• Long Lived Fourth Generation and the Higgs
• Search for single production of the vector-like top partner at the 14 TeV LHC
• Search for long-lived particles decaying into electron or photon pairs with the D0 detector
• BSM Higgs Physics in the Exclusive Forward Proton Mode at the LHC
• Search for new physics in high $p_T$ like-sign dilepton events at CDF~II
• Light Higgs boson discovery from fermion mixing
• Closing in on a perturbative fourth generation
• Natural fourth generation of leptons
• The Impact of a 4th Generation on Mixing and CP Violation in the Charm System
• A fourth generation, anomalous like-sign dimuon charge asymmetry and the LHC
• Search for single production of vector-like top partners at the Large Hadron Electron Collider
• Searches for Higgs bosons in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 and 8 TeV in the context of four-generation and fermiophobic models
• Search for single production of the heavy vectorlike $T$ quark with $T\to th$ and $h\to \gamma \gamma$ at the high-luminosity LHC
• Fourth Generation Bound States
• Search for anomalous production of prompt like-sign lepton pairs at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV with the ATLAS detector
• Phenomenological constraints on minimally coupled exotic lepton triplets
• Search for single production of a top quark partner via the $T\to th$ and $h\to W{W}^{\ast }$ channels at the LHC
• Higgs Boson Production via Gluon Fusion in the Standard Model with four Generations
• Neutrino Masses in the Effective Rank-5 Subgroups of E_6 I: Non-supersymmetric Case
• Review of Properties of the Top Quark from Measurements at the Tevatron
• The size of chi = arg (-Vts Vtb* Vcs* Vcb) and physics beyond the Standard Model
• CP violation and the 4th generation
• Generational Structure of Models with Dynamical Symmetry Breaking
• The Lepton Sector of a Fourth Generation
• Search for third-generation vector-like leptons in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=13\text{TeV}$ with the ATLAS detector
• Little Higgs Model Completed with a Chiral Fermionic Sector
• Proton stability from a fourth family
• Neutrinos in the simplest little Higgs scenario and TeV leptogenesis
• The Fourth Standard Model Family and the Competition in Standart Model Higgs Boson Search at Tevatron and LHC
• Phenomenological aspects of the exotic $T$ quark in 331 models
• CP asymmetry in the decays B --> (X_s, X_d) mu+ mu- with four generations
• Collider signals of a composite Higgs in the Standard Model with four generations
• Four Generations: SUSY and SUSY Breaking
• Neutrino Masses in the Effective Rank-5 Subgroups of E_6 II: Supersymmetric Case
• Pairs of charged heavy-leptons from an SU(3) X U(1) model at CERN LHC
• The 125 GeV Higgs in the context of four generations with 2 Higgs doublets
• Flavor anomalies at the LHC and the R-parity violating supersymmetric model extended with vectorlike particles
• Dynamics behind the quark mass hierarchy
• Searches for the $t^{\prime }$ of a fourth family
• Consequences of a Pati-Salam unification of the electroweak-scale active ${\nu }_R$ model
• Enhanced diphoton Higgs decay rate and isospin symmetric Higgs boson
• The Fourth Generation t-prime in Extensions of the Standard Model
• Higgs Masses in the Four Generation MSSM
• A new window at the LHC: BSM signals using tagged protons
• Window on Higgs Boson: Fourth Generation $b^{\prime }$ Decays Revisited
• Single production of vector-like bottom quark at the LHeC
• K_1(1270)-K_1(1400) mixing and the fourth generation SM effects in B-->K_1l^+l^- decays
• Pairs of charged heavy-fermions from an SU(3)$_{L}\otimesU(1)_{N}$ model at $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ colliders
• A hybrid 4${}^{\text{th}}$ generation: Technicolor with top-seesaw
• Prospects and Constraints for Vector-like MFV Matter at LHC
• A Model of Quark and Lepton Masses I: The Neutrino Sector
• Observation of CP violation in $D^0\to K^{-}{\pi }^{+}$ as a smoking gun for New Physics
• Top Quark Physics at the Tevatron
• Prospects to search for E6 isosinglet quarks in ATLAS
• Probing the fourth generation Majorana neutrino dark matter
• Three Extra Mirror or Sequential Families: a Case for Heavy Higgs and Inert Doublet
• The b' search at the LHC
• Flavor-changing interactions with singlet quarks and their implications for the LHC
• On the Possible Observation of Mirror Matter
• Fourth Generation Majorana Neutrinos
• Electroweak Precision Observables within a Fourth Generation Model with General Flavour Structure
• Electroweak Constraints on the Fourth Generation at Two Loop Order
• A Simple Approach to Fourth Generation Effects in $B\to X_s{\ell }^{+}{\ell }^{-}$ Decay
• Positron Excess, Luminous-Dark Matter Unification and Family Structure
• Muon anomalous magnetic moment in string inspired extended family models
• The Need for New Search Strategies for Fourth Generation Quarks at the LHC
• Productions of heavy charged leptons via gluon fusion at LHC: A revisit
• Fermion Mixings in SU(9) Family Unification
• The Effects of Fourth Generation on the double Lepton Polarization in B \rar K \ell^+ \ell^- decay
• Abelian Extension of Standard Model with Four Generations
• Production of Single Heavy Charged Leptons at a Linear Collider
• Observation of Single Top Quark Production
• Bounds on the mass of the b' quark, revisited
• Neutrino Masses and a Fourth Generation of Fermions
• The Next Generation
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• Fourth generation quark mass limits in CKM-element space
• Long-lived Searches of Vector-like Lepton and Its Accompanying Scalar at Colliders
• Search for charged Higgs bosons through vector-like top quark pair production at the LHC
• Constraints on fourth generation Majorana neutrinos
• Phenomenology of a Quark Mass Matrix from Six Dimensions and its implication for the Strong CP problem
• Impact on the Higgs Production Cross Section and Decay Branching Fractions of Heavy Quarks and Leptons in a Fourth Generation Model
• New Hadrons Formed by the Fourth SM Family and Iso-singlet Quarks
• t-channel production of heavy charged leptons
• Confronting the fourth generation two Higgs doublet model with the phenomenology of heavy Higgs bosons
• Supersymmetric Grand Unification with a Fourth Generation?
• Detecting Fourth Generation Quarks at Hadron Colliders
• Electroweak baryogenesis in the MSSM with vector-like superfields
• Production of (super)heavy quarkonia and new Higgs physics at hadron colliders
• Large Electric Dipole Moments of Heavy Neutrinos
• Neutrino masses from new generations
• BSM Higgs Studies at the LHC in the Forward Proton Mode
• Mixing asymmetries in B meson systems, the D0 like-sign dimuon asymmetry and generic New Physics
• Exclusive $B \rar ρ\ell^+ \ell^-$ Decay in the Standard Model with Fourth--Generation
• Constraints on exotic lepton doublets with minimal coupling to the standard model
• Minimal Signatures of Naturalness
• Fourth generation Majorana neutrino, dark matter and Higgs physics
• Dynamical Symmetry Breaking With a Fourth Generation
• Early SU(4)_PS x SU(2)_L x SU(2)_R x SU(2)_H Unification of Quarks and Leptons
• Anomalous Production of Fourth Family Up Quarks at Future Lepton Hadron Colliders
• Measuring Central Exclusive Processes at LHC
• Quark-lepton mass unification at TeV scales
• Coherent mixing in three and four quark generations
• Review of searches for Higgs bosons and beyond the standard model physics at the Tevatron
• Analysis of the B --> π\ell^+ \ell^- Decay in the Standard Model with Fourth Generation
• Is the Higgs Boson Composed of Neutrinos?
• Large Electric Dipole Moments of Heavy Leptons
• Conformal Completion of the Standard Model with a Fourth Generation
• Revisiting Vector-like Quark Model with Enhanced Top Yukawa Coupling
• Chiral heavy fermions in a two Higgs doublet model: 750 GeV resonance or not
• Constraints from Triple Gauge Couplings on Vectorlike Leptons
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• Implication of the Fourth Generation Standard Model to the Lepton Polarization asymmetries in the $B\to K^{\ast }{\ell }^{+}{\ell }^{-}$ Decay
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• Characterising New Physics Models by Effective Dimensionality of Parameter Space
• Comments on the Minimal Vectorial Standard Model
• Indian Contributions to LHC Theory
• Observing CP-violating Higgs Signals with Heavy Majorana Neutrinos
• Lepton polarization asymmetry in $B_{(}s,d{)}^{\ast }$ arrow ${\mu }^{+}{\mu }^{-}$ with new Z' couplings
• CP violation for four generations of quarks
• b \to ss\bar{d}$ in a Vector Quark Model
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• Heavy long-lived fractionally charged leptons in novel $3-3-1$ model
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• Natural Four-Generation Mass Textures in MSSM Brane Worlds
• Inclusive Search for Same-Sign Dileptons at ATLAS
• Semileptonic B to Scalar meson Decays in the Standard Model with Fourth Generation
• A Model with Chiral Quarks of Electric Charges -4/3 and 5/3
• Bottom partner B' and Zb production at the LHC
• A Fourth Neutrino and its Consequences on CP Asymmetries
• Probing Electroweak Dark Matter at 14 TeV LHC
• On the Model Dependence of Fiducial Cross Section Measurements in View of Reinterpretations
• Uncertainty of the two-loop RG upper bound on the Higgs mass
• Z'-> ggg decay in left-right symmetric models with three and four fermion families
• Constraints on the masses of fourth generation quarks
• Dark parameterization approach to Ito equation
• Fixing the number of non-sequential generations within the $SU(2{)}_L\otimes U(1{)}_Y$ gauge group
• SU(2/1) gauge-Higgs unification
• High Scale Physics Connection to LHC Data
• Test of the 4-th quark generation from the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix
• From Higgs physics to lepton flavour violation: current bounds and future prospects for vector-like lepton models
• Bounding CKM Mixing with a Fourth Family
• Higgs Mass Constraints on a Fourth Family: Upper and Lower Limits on CKM Mixing