The Sphaleron in a Magnetic Field and Electroweak Baryogenesis

Abstract

The presence of a primordial magnetic field in the early universe affects the dynamic of the electroweak phase transition enhancing its strength. This effect may enlarge the window for electroweak baryogenesis in the minimal supersymmetric extension of the standard model or even resurrect the electroweak baryogenesis scenario in the standard model. We compute the sphaleron energy in the background of the magnetic field and show that, due to the sphaleron dipole moment, the barrier between topologically inequivalent vacua is lowered. Therefore, the preservation of the baryon asymmetry calls for a much stronger phase transition than required in the absence of a magnetic field. We show that this effect overwhelms the gain in the phase transition strength, and conclude that magnetic fields do not help electroweak baryogenesis.

10 pages, 2 figures

References in corpus (4)

• Primordial Hypermagnetic Fields and Triangle Anomaly
• Primordial Magnetic Fields
• On the Nature of the Magnetic Fields Generated During the Electroweak Phase Transition
• Manifestations of R-Parity Violation in Ultrahigh-Energy Neutrino Interactions

Cited by in corpus (21)

• Magnetic Fields in the Early Universe
• Relieving the Hubble tension with primordial magnetic fields
• Inverse magnetic catalysis induced by sphalerons
• Baryogenesis from Decaying Magnetic Helicity
• Baryogenesis from axion inflation
• Strongly first order phase transition in the singlet fermionic dark matter model after LUX
• Real-time Chern-Simons term for hypermagnetic fields
• Magnetic Fields at First Order Phase Transition: A Threat to Electroweak Baryogenesis
• The Chern-Simons diffusion rate in strongly coupled N=4 SYM plasma in an external magnetic field
• Effective potential at finite temperature in a constant hypermagnetic field: Ring diagrams in the Standard Model
• Fermion scattering off electroweak phase transition kink walls with hypermagnetic fields
• On the Contributions to the ${\mathbf{U}}_{\mathbf{Y}}(1)$ Chern-Simons Term and the Evolution of Fermionic Asymmetries and Hypermagnetic Fields
• Axially asymmetric fermion scattering off electroweak phase transition bubble walls with hypermagnetic fields
• Warm inflation in the presence of magnetic fields
• The Electroweak Sphaleron in a strong magnetic field
• Monopoles, confinement and deconfinement of (2+1)D compact lattice QED in external fields
• Axial charge segregation and CP violation during the electroweak phase transition with hypermagnetic fields
• Electroweak Sphaleron in a Magnetic field
• Properties of symmetry restoration in the electroweak vacuum in very high magnetic fields
• Electroweak phase transition in the presence of hypermagnetic field and the generation of gravitational waves
• Gluodynamics in external field in dual superconductor approach