Spin Physics and Polarized Structure Functions

Abstract

A review on the theoretical aspects and the experimental results of polarized deep inelastic scattering and of other hard scattering processes is presented. The following items are discussed: longitudinally polarized structure functions, results from the SLAC and CERN polarization experiments, the QCD interpretation and the LO and NLO Q2-evolution of g1, the role of the polarized gluon density, the expectations for x-->0, sum rules, the first moment of the polarized structure function, the parametrizations of polarized parton densities, polarized jet, heavy quark and direct photon production, DIS semi-inclusive asymmetries and elastic neutrino-proton scattering, single and double spin asymmetries, structure functions for higher spin hadrons and nuclei, nonperturbative approaches, the transverse structure function g2, chiral-odd 'transversity' distributions.

134 pages (latex) and 64 figures (eps)

References in corpus (158)

• Rigorous QCD Analysis of Inclusive Annihilation and Production of Heavy Quarkonium
• Gauge-Invariant Decomposition of Nucleon Spin and Its Spin-Off
• Constituent Quarks and g_1
• Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering
• Fragmentation of Transversely Polarized Quarks Probed in Transverse Momentum Distributions
• Scaling Limit of Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering
• Off-Forward Parton Distributions
• The renormalization of the axial anomaly in dimensional regularization
• Diffractive Leptoproduction of Vector Mesons in QCD
• Color-Octet Fragmentation and the psi' Surplus at the Tevatron
• The theory and phenomenology of polarized deep inelastic scattering
• Precision Determination of the Neutron Spin Structure Function g1n
• Measurement of the Spin-Dependent Structure Function $g_1(x)$ of the Proton
• QCD Constrains on the Shape of Polarized Quark and Gluon Distributions
• Measurement of the Neutron Spin Structure Function $g_1^n$ with a Polarized ^3He Target
• Pinning down the Glue in the Proton
• Deep Inelastic Scattering of Polarized Electrons by Polarized ${}^3$He and the Study of the Neutron Spin Structure
• Next-to-Leading Order Radiative Parton Model Analysis of Polarized Deep Inelastic Scattering
• Positivity Constraints for Spin-Dependent Parton Distributions
• Spin Structure of the Proton from Polarized Inclusive Deep-Inelastic Muon-Proton Scattering
• New Quark Distributions and Semi-Inclusive Electroproduction on Polarized Nucleons
• Polarized Parton Distributions in the Nucleon
• Measurement of the Proton Spin Structure Function g1p with a Pure Hydrogen Target
• Single spin asymmetry for $p^{\uparrow }p\to \pi X$ in perturbative QCD
• Nucleon Parton Distributions at Low Normalization Point in the Large N_c Limit
• Measuring transversity densities in singly polarized hadron-hadron and lepton-hadron collisions
• Quarkonium production in hadronic collisions
• A Measurement and QCD Analysis of the Proton Structure Function $F_2(x,Q^2)$ at HERA
• Measurement of the Deuteron Spin Structure Function g_1^d(x) for 1 (GeV/c)^2 < Q^2 < 40 (GeV/c)^2
• Consistent Analysis of the Spin Content of the Nucleon
• A Measurement of the Proton Structure Function $F_2(x,Q^2)$
• Determination of the Bjorken Sum and Strong Coupling from Polarized Structure Functions
• Polarised Quark Distributions in the Nucleon from Semi-Inclusive Spin Asymmetries
• Determination of ${\alpha }_s$ and the Nucleon Spin Decomposition Using Recent Polarized Structure Function Data
• Interference Fragmentation Functions and the Nucleon's Transversity
• Unpolarized and polarized quark distributions in the large-Nc limit
• Measurements of the Proton and Deuteron Spin Structure Function g2 and Asymmetry A2
• The spin-dependent two-loop splitting functions
• ERRATUM TO: Power corrections $1/Q^2$ to parton sum rules for deep inelastic scattering from polarized targets
• Polarized and Unpolarized Nucleon Structure Functions from Lattice QCD
• Quantitative Tests of Color Evaporation: Charmonium Production
• Flavor Singlet Contribution to the Structure Function $g_1$ at Small-x
• A Next-to-Leading Determination of the Singlet Axial Charge and the Polarized Gluon Content of the Nucleon
• Next-to-Leading Order QCD Analysis of Polarized Deep Inelastic Scattering Data
• The Spin Structure of the Nucleon in the Asymptotic Limit
• FLAVOR-SINGLET g_A FROM LATTICE QCD
• On the Behaviour of Non--Singlet Structure Functions at Small $x$
• Analysis of Data on Polarized Lepton-Nucleon Scattering
• On the Twist 2 and Twist 3 Contributions to the Spin-dependent Electroweak Structure Functions
• Polarized $q\to \Lambda$ Fragmentation Functions from $e^{+}{e}^{-}\to \Lambda +X^{\ast }$
• Polarized Lambdas in the Current Fragmentation Region
• Nuclear effects in Deep Inelastic Scattering of polarized electrons off polarized 3He and the neutron spin structure functions
• Proton Spin Structure from Lattice QCD
• Spin Asymmetry in Muon--Proton Deep Inelastic Scattering on a Transversely-Polarized Target
• Measurements of the Q2-Dependence of the Proton and Deuteron Spin Structure Functions g1p and g1d
• The next-to-leading QCD approximation to the Ellis-Jaffe sum rule
• Q^2-Dependence of the Proton's G_1 Structure Function Sum Rule
• Chiral-Odd and Spin-Dependent Quark Fragmentation Functions and their Applications
• Next-to-Leading Order Evolution of Polarized and Unpolarized Fragmentation Functions
• Status of the Proton Spin Problem
• Measurement of the Neutron Spin Structure Function g2n and Asymmetry A2n
• The Nucleon's Tensor Charge
• Measurement of the Proton and Deuteron Spin Structure Function g_1 in the Resonance Region
• Tensor Charge of the Nucleon in Lattice QCD
• Next-to-leading order Q^2-evolution of the transversity distribution h_1(x, Q^2)
• QCD Sum Rule Calculation of Twist-3 Contributions to Polarized Nucleon Structure Functions
• QCD Sum Rule Calculation of Twist-4 Corrections to Bjorken and Ellis-Jaffe Sum Rules
• Transverse Spin Distribution Function of Nucleon in Chiral Theory
• Dijet Cross Sections in Photoproduction at HERA
• Gluon Spin in the Nucleon
• Spin-dependent Parton Distributions from Polarized Structure Function Data
• Scale dependence of the chiral-odd twist-3 distributions $h_L(x)$ and $e(x)$
• Q^2 Evolution of Chiral-Odd Twist-3 Distributions h_L(x, Q^2) and e(x, Q^2) in Large-N_c QCD
• On the Q^2 Dependence of Measured Polarized Structure Funtions
• NLO QCD Analysis of Polarized Deep Inelastic Scattering
• The Singlet Contribution to the Structure Function $g_1(x,Q^2)$ at Small $x$
• Systematics of quarkonium production
• Target Independence of the Emc-SMC Effect
• Scale Dependence and Small-x Behaviour of Polarized Parton Distributions
• QCD Corrections to the nucleon's spin structure function $G_2(x,Q^2)$
• Virtual Compton Scattering Off Protons at Moderately Large Momentum Transfer
• Instanton contributions to the $\tau$ decay widths
• Two-loop anomalous dimensions for the structure function h1
• Hard Scattering in QCD with Polarized Beams
• Single spin asymmetry for the Drell-Yan process
• Spin-Dependent Twist-Four Matrix Elements from g_1 Data in the Resonance Region
• Polarized Parton Densities in the Nucleon
• Melosh Rotation and the Nucleon Tensor Charge
• On the twist-2 contributions to polarized structure functions and new sum rules
• The Spin Dependence of Diffractive Processes and Implications for the Small $x$ Behaviour of $g_1$ and the Spin Content of the Nucleon
• Spin Contents of Nucleons with SU(3) Breaking
• Spin - Dependent Parton Distributions of the Longitudinally Polarized Photon Beyond the Leading Order
• Single Spin Asymmetry in Inclusive Pion Production, Collins Effect and the String Model (revised version)
• Radiative Parton Model Analysis of Polarized Deep Inelastic Lepton Nucleon Scattering
• Next-to-Leading Order Analysis of Inclusive and Semi-inclusive Polarized Data
• Factorization in Semi-Inclusive Polarized Deep Inelastic Scattering
• An exact sum rule for transversely polarized DIS
• DEEP INELASTIC SCATTERING FROM POLARIZED DEUTERONS
• Scheme Dependence in Polarized Deep Inelastic Scattering
• Q^2-Evolution of Nucleon's Chiral-Odd Twist-3 Structure Function: h_L(x,Q^2)
• A confinement model calculation of h_1(x)
• Nucleon Structure Functions from a Chiral Soliton
• On the QCD Evolution of the Transversity Distribution
• Photoproduction of Heavy Quarks in Next-to-Leading Order QCD with Longitudinally Polarized Initial States
• Polarized deep inelastic scattering at high energies and parity violating structure functions
• Double-Spin Transverse Asymmetries in Drell-Yan Processes
• Calculation of Chirality Violating Proton Structure Function h${}_1$(x) in QCD
• OPE analysis for polarized deep inelastic scattering
• The small $x$ behaviour of $g_1$
• QCD Selection Rules in Polarized Hadron Collisions
• Next-to-Leading Order QCD Corrections to the Polarized Photoproduction of Heavy Flavors
• QCD Corrections to Spin Dependent Drell-Yan and a Global Subtraction Scheme
• A quark model analysis of the transversity distribution
• The strange quark spin of the proton in semi-inclusive $\Lambda$ leptoproduction
• Spin Structure Function $g_2$ and Twist-3 Operators in QCD
• SOFFER'S INEQUALITY
• Next-To-Leading Order Analysis of Polarized and Unpolarized Structure Functions
• $Q^2$ evolution of chiral-odd twist-3 distribution $e(x,Q^2)$
• Investigation of the Neutron Form Factors by Inclusive Quasi-Elastic Scattering of Polarized Electrons off Polarized ${}^3$He: A Theoretical Overview
• Numerical solution of Q^2 evolution equation for the transversity distribution Delta_T q
• QCD corrections to the longitudinally polarized Drell-Yan process
• $\mathcal{O}({\alpha }_s)$ Spin-Dependent Weak Structure Functions
• Nucleon Spin and the Mixing of Axial Vector Mesons
• Interpolating the Nucleon's Spin-Dependent Sum Rules at High and Low Energies
• Antiquark Polarization inside the Proton is Small
• Determining the Gluon Distributions in the Proton and Photon from Two-Jet Production at HERA
• Parton model sum rules
• How to Use Weak Decays in Analyses of Data on Nucleon Spin Structure Functions
• The Evolution of Unpolarized and Polarized Structure Functions at Small $x$
• A polarised QCD condensate: nu p elastic scattering as a probe of U_A(1) dynamics
• Accessing directly the strange quark content of the proton at HERA
• Testing various polarized parton distributions at RHIC
• More on the Burkhardt-Cottingham Sum Rule in QCD
• Aspects of Heavy Quark Production in Polarized Proton-Proton Collisions
• Remarks on Next-to-Leading Order Analysis of Polarized Deep Inelastic Scattering Data
• The Drell-Hearn-Gerasimov Sum-Rule in QCD
• Next to Leading Order QCD Corrections to Polarized $\Lambda$ Production in DIS
• Isolated Photons at Hadron Colliders at O(αalpha_s^2) (II): Spin Dependent Case
• Direct photon production in polarized hadron collisions at collider and fixed target energies
• Inclusive Prompt Photon Production in Polarized pp Collisions at HERA-N
• A Search for Jet Handedness in Hadronic $Z^0$ Decays
• The connection between single transverse spin asymmetries and the second moment of $g_2$
• Constraints on the polarized gluon density in the proton from charm photoproduction
• Diffractive rho-meson Leptoproduction on Polarized Nucleon as a Way to Measure the Polarized Gluon Distribution
• Can Polarised Drell-Yan Shed More Light On The Proton Spin?
• Summary of Physics Prospects for Polarized Nucleon-Nucleon Scattering at HERA-N
• Polarised parton distributions
• The proton spin sum rule chiral bag prediction, an update
• MC-Simulation of the Transverse Double Spin Asymmetry for RHIC
• A New Technique for Measuring the Strangemess Content of the Proton on the Lattice
• The Nucleon Spin Problem
• Prospects for Measuring $\Delta g$ from Jets at HERA with Polarized Protons
• Monte Carlo Simulations for RHIC Spin Physics
• Jet Production in Polarized Lepton-Hadron Scattering
• Hadron Structure Functions from Lattice QCD -- 1997
• Nuclear Modifications of Double Spin Asymmetries
• Semi-inclusive Lambda_c^+ Leptoproductions and Polarized Gluon Distributions
• Gamma^*, Z^* production in polarised p-p scattering as a probe of the proton spin structure

Cited by in corpus (124)

• Unraveling hadron structure with generalized parton distributions
• Semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering at small transverse momentum
• Single-spin asymmetries in semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering on a transversely polarized hydrogen target
• The Spin Structure of the Nucleon
• Transverse Polarisation of Quarks in Hadrons
• Precise determination of the spin structure function ${\mathbf{g}}_1$ of the proton, deuteron and neutron
• Prospects for Spin Physics at RHIC
• Effects of transversity in deep-inelastic scattering by polarized protons
• The Spin Structure of the Proton
• Azimuthal and Single Spin Asymmetries in Hard Scattering Processes
• The Spin Structure of the Nucleon
• Iterative Monte Carlo analysis of spin-dependent parton distributions
• Introduction to GPDs and TMDs
• The Theory of Deeply Inelastic Scattering
• Sea quark and gluon polarization in the nucleon at NLO accuracy
• The three-loop unpolarized and polarized non-singlet anomalous dimensions from off shell operator matrix elements
• Strangeness in the nucleon: neutrino-nucleon and polarized electron-nucleon scattering
• The GDH Sum Rule and Related Integrals
• Is gauge-invariant complete decomposition of the nucleon spin possible ?
• Unquenched quark model for baryons: magnetic moments, spins and orbital angular momenta
• Gauge- and frame-independent decomposition of nucleon spin
• Quark Orbital Angular Momentum from Lattice QCD
• Parton momentum and helicity distributions in the nucleon
• The three-loop polarized singlet anomalous dimensions from off-shell operator matrix elements
• The nucleon's octet axial-charge g_A^8 with chiral corrections
• The Complete $O({\alpha }_s^2)$ Non-Singlet Heavy Flavor Corrections to the Structure Functions $g_{1,2}^{ep}(x,Q^2)$, $F_{1,2,L}^{ep}(x,Q^2)$, $F_{1,2,3}^{\nu (\bar{\nu })}(x,Q^2)$ and the Associated Sum Rules
• Flavor Structure of the Nucleon Sea
• The massless three-loop Wilson coefficients for the deep-inelastic structure functions $F_2,F_L,x{F}_3$ and $g_1$
• Impact of hadronic and nuclear corrections on global analysis of spin-dependent parton distributions
• Leading and higher twists in the proton polarized structure function at large Bjorken x
• Inclusive and Semi-Inclusive Polarized DIS Data Revisited
• Accessing proton generalized parton distributions and pion distribution amplitudes with the exclusive pion-induced Drell-Yan process at J-PARC
• Drell-Yan processes, transversity and light-cone wavefunctions
• The Polarized Three-Loop Anomalous Dimensions from On-Shell Massive Operator Matrix Elements
• A prescription for projectors to compute helicity amplitudes in D dimensions
• How well do we know the gluon polarization in the proton?
• Structure functions for the three nucleon system
• Next-to-next-to-leading order QCD analysis of spin-dependent parton distribution functions and their uncertainties: Jacobi polynomials approach
• Quark and Gluon Helicity Evolution at Small $x$: Revised and Updated
• The 3-Loop Non-Singlet Heavy Flavor Contributions to the Structure Function g_1(x,Q^2) at Large Momentum Transfer
• The role of the chiral anomaly in polarized deeply inelastic scattering I: Finding the triangle graph inside the box diagram in Bjorken and Regge asymptotics
• Nucleon spin structure functions at NNLO in the presence of target mass corrections and higher twist effects
• Densities, Parton Distributions, and Measuring the Non-Spherical Shape of the Nucleon
• Helicity Evolution at Small $x$: the Single-Logarithmic Contribution
• The Jacobi Polynomials QCD analysis for the polarized structure function
• Polarized Deeply Inelastic Scattering (DIS) Structure Functions for Nucleons and Nuclei
• Polarized Deep Inelastic and Elastic Scattering From Gauge/String Duality
• Tensor-polarized quark and antiquark distribution functions in a spin-one hadron
• QCD analysis of polarized DIS and the SIDIS asymmetry world data and light sea-quark decomposition
• F and D Values with Explicit Flavor Symmetry Breaking and Δs Contents of Nucleons
• Global Analysis of Data on the Proton Structure Function g1 and Extraction of its Moments
• Evolution of singlet structure functions from DGLAP equation at next-to-next-to-leading order at small-x
• Analytical approaches to the determination of spin-dependent parton distribution functions at NNLO approximation
• Quasielastic neutrino-nucleus scattering
• A Lattice Study of the Magnetic Moment and the Spin Structure of the Nucleon
• Transverse structure of the pion beyond leading twist with basis light-front quantization
• Target mass corrections for spin-dependent structure functions in collinear factorization
• Study of spin-dependent structure functions of ${}^3\mathrm{He}$ and ${}^3\mathrm{H}$ at NNLO approximation and corresponding nuclear corrections
• The Polarized Two-Loop Massive Pure Singlet Wilson Coefficient for Deep-Inelastic Scattering
• Next-to-Leading order approximation of polarized valon and parton distributions
• Heavy-quark axial charges to non-leading order
• Nonperturbative versus perturbative effects in generalized parton distributions
• Polarized Deep Inelastic Scattering Off the "Neutron" From Gauge/String Duality
• Quark scalar, axial, and pseudoscalar charges in the Schwinger-Dyson formalism
• Target mass and finite $t$ corrections to diffractive deeply inelastic scattering
• The Logarithmic Contributions to the Polarized and Operator Matrix Elements in Deeply Inelastic Scattering
• Deep inelastic scattering from polarized spin-$1/2$ hadrons at low $x$ from string theory
• An Analysis of the Next-to-Leading Order Corrections to the g_T(=g_1+g_2) Scaling Function
• Next-to-Leading Order Corrections to Heavy Flavour Production in Longitudinally Polarized Photon-Nucleon Collisions
• $O({\alpha }_s^2$) Polarized Heavy Flavor Corrections}to Deep-Inelastic Scattering at $Q^2\gg m^2$
• Weak Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering
• Global analysis of polarized DIS & SIDIS data with improved small-$x$ helicity evolution
• Target mass corrections and higher twist effects in polarized deep-inelastic scattering
• Flavor structure of the unpolarized and longitudinally-polarized sea-quark distributions in the nucleon
• The Spin Structure of the Proton and Polarized Collider Physics
• DIS off glueballs from string theory: the role of the chiral anomaly and the Chern-Simons term
• Transverse Momentum in Semi-Inclusive Polarized Deep Inelastic Scattering and the Spin-Flavor Structure of the Proton
• Projections of structure functions in a spin-one hadrons
• Polarized Structure of Nucleon in the Valon Representation
• A Phenomenological Solution Small $x$ to the Longitudinal Structure Function Dynamical Behavior
• The effect of quark exchange in A=3 mirror nuclei and neutron/proton structure functions ratio
• Neutral Current Neutrino-Nucleus Scattering. Theory
• A new approach to calculate the gluon polarization
• Impact of recent COMPASS data on polarized parton distributions and structure functions
• Spin structure in non-forward partons
• Nonsinglet polarized nucleon structure function in infrared-safe QCD
• Spin force dependence of the parton distributions: the ratio $F_2^n(x,Q^2)/F_2^p(x,Q^2)$
• Scope and limitations of a string theory dual description of the proton structure
• Axial U(1) dynamics in eta and eta' photoproduction
• Parton-shower effects in polarized deep inelastic scattering
• Quark Orbital Angular Momentum in the Baryon
• Structure Functions of Unstable Lithium Isotopes
• Parton recombination effect in polarized parton distributions
• Gluon polarization in the proton
• Non-Singlet spin structure function in the valon model and low x scaling behavior of $g_1^{NS}$ and $g_1^p$
• Constraints on gluon polarization in the nucleon at NLO accuracy
• QCD spin physics: status, and prospects for RHIC
• Spin-1/2 fermionic operators of $\mathcal{N}=4$ SYM theory and DIS from type IIB supergravity
• Effect of polarized gluon distribution on spin asymmetries for neutral and charged pion production
• QED corrections to parton distributions and Altarelli-Parisi splitting functions in the polarized case
• Flavor Asymmetry of the Polarized Light Sea: Models vs. Data
• Sum Rules for Parity Violating Compton Amplitudes
• Towards an understanding of nucleon spin structure: from hard to soft scales
• Accessing the Longitudinally Polarized Photon Content of the Proton
• Superconvergence Relations and Parity Violating analogue of GDH sum rule
• Small-x behavior of non-singlet spin structure function and Bjorken sum rule with pQCD correction up to NNLO and Higher twist correction
• Higher-twist fermionic operators and DIS structure functions from the AdS/CFT duality
• Gluon Polarization In Nucleon
• Extraction of Polarized Gluon Distributions from Large-pt Light Hadron Pair Production
• Application of the constituent quark exchange model to the parton distributions and the EMC ratios of ${}^{12}C$ and ${}^{14}N$ nuclei
• Effect of symmetry breaking of polarized light sea quarks on the nucleon and nuclear structure functions, and sum rules
• The spin structure function of the neutron
• Symmetry breaking effect on determination of polarized and unpolarized parton distributions
• Double logarithms, $l{n}^2(1/x)$, and the NLO DGLAP evolution for the non-singlet component of the nucleon spin structure function, $g_1$
• Direct connection between the different QCD orders for parton distribution and fragmentation functions
• Structure functions of the nucleon and nuclei in neutrino reactions
• AAK24: Global QCD analysis on polarized parton distribution in the presence of $A_2$ asymmetry measurements
• Neutrino proton elastic scattering and the spin structure of the proton
• Nucleon spin structure functions, considering target mass correction and higher twist effects at the NNLO accuracy and their transverse momentum dependence
• Charmed Hadron Production in Polarized pp Reactions as a Probe of Polarized Gluons in the Proton
• Studies of parton distributions at a neutrino factory
• Electroproduction of psi' and polarized gluon distribution in a proton
• Nuclear effects in polarized proton-deuteron Drell-Yan processes
• Twist-2 relation and sum rule for tensor-polarized parton distribution functions of spin-1 hadrons