Emission of gravitational radiation from ultra-relativistic sources

Abstract

Recent observations suggest that blobs of matter are ejected with ultra-relativistic speeds in various astrophysical phenomena such as supernova explosions, quasars, and microquasars. In this paper we analyze the gravitational radiation emitted when such an ultra-relativistic blob is ejected from a massive object. We express the gravitational wave by the metric perturbation in the transverse-traceless gauge, and calculate its amplitude and angular dependence. We find that in the ultra-relativistic limit the gravitational wave has a wide angular distribution, like $1+\cos \theta$. The typical burst's frequency is Doppler shifted, with the blue-shift factor being strongly beamed in the forward direction. As a consequence, the energy flux carried by the gravitational radiation is beamed. In the second part of the paper we estimate the anticipated detection rate of such bursts by a gravitational-wave detector, for blobs ejected in supernova explosions. Dar and De Rujula recently proposed that ultra-relativistic blobs ejected from the central core in supernova explosions constitute the source of Gamma-ray bursts. Substituting the most likely values of the parameters as suggested by their model, we obtain an estimated detection rate of about 1 per year by the advanced LIGO-II detector.

24 pages, LaTeX

References in corpus (4)

• Discovery of the peculiar supernova 1998bw in the error box of GRB980425
• Sources of Relativistic Jets in the Galaxy
• Faint Blue Galaxies
• Repeated Relativistic Ejections in GRS 1915+105

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