Mott insulating phases and quantum phase transitions of interacting spin-3/2 fermionic cold atoms in optical lattices at half filling

Abstract

We study various Mott insulating phases of interacting spin-3/2 fermionic ultracold atoms in two-dimensional square optical lattices at half filling. Using a generalized one-band Hubbard model with hidden SO(5) symmetry, we identify two distinct symmetry breaking phases: the degenerate antiferromagnetic spin-dipole/spin-octupole ordering and spin-quadrupole ordering, depending on the sign of the spin-dependent interaction. These two competing orders exhibit very different symmetry properties, low energy excitations and topological characterizations. Near the SU(4) symmetric point, a quantum critical state with a $\pi$-flux phase may emerge due to strong quantum fluctuations, leading to spin algebraic correlations and gapless excitations.

11 pages, 4 figures

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• Fermi gases in one dimension: From Bethe Ansatz to experiments
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• Resonating plaquette phases in large spin cold atom systems
• Exotic many-body physics with large-spin Fermi gases
• Valence bond solid states with symplectic symmetry
• Quantum magnetism of ultra-cold fermion systems with the symplectic symmetry
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