Correlations in Ultracold Trapped Few-Boson Systems: Transition from Condensation to Fermionization

Abstract

We study the correlation properties of the ground states of few ultracold bosons, trapped in double wells of varying barrier height in one dimension. Extending previous results on the signature of the transition from a Bose-condensed state via fragmentation to the hard-core limit, we provide a deeper understanding of that transition by relating it to the loss of coherence in the one-body density matrix and to the emerging long-range tail in the momentum spectrum. These are accounted for in detail by discussing the natural orbitals and their occupations. Our discussion is complemented by an analysis of the two-body correlation function.

22 pages, 7 figures

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• Ground State Properties of a Tonks-Girardeau Gas in a Split Trap
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• Material-barrier Tunneling in One-dimensional Few-boson Mixtures
• Interaction Driven Interband Tunneling of Bosons in the Triple Well
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• Comparative study of quantum dynamics of a few bosons in a one-dimensional split hard-wall trap: exact results versus Bose-Hubbard-model approximations
• Dynamical formation of two-fold fragmented many-body state induced by an impurity in a double-well