Unification of electromagnetic noise and Luttinger liquid via a quantum dot

Abstract

We investigate the effect of dissipation on a small quantum dot (resonant level) tunnel-coupled to a chiral Luttinger liquid (LL) with the LL parameter $K$. The dissipation stems from the coupling of the dot to an electric environment, being characterized by the resistance $R$, via Coulomb interactions. We show that this problem can be mapped onto a Caldeira-Leggett model where the (ohmic) bath of harmonic oscillators is governed by the effective dissipation strength $\alpha =(2\tilde{K}{)}^{-1}$ with ${\tilde{K}}^{-1}=K^{-1}+2R/R_K$ and $R_K=h/e^2$ the quantum of resistance. Experimental consequences are discussed and the limit $K=1/2^{+}$ is thoroughly studied at small $R/R_K$ through the spin-boson-fermion model.

Final version appearing in PRB