Mechanical restriction versus human overreaction triggering congested traffic states

Abstract

A new cellular automaton (CA) traffic model is presented. The focus is on mechanical restrictions of vehicles realized by limited acceleration and deceleration capabilities. These features are incorporated into the model in order to construct the condition of collision-free movement. The strict collision-free criterion imposed by the mechanical restrictions is softened in certain traffic situations, reflecting human overreaction. It is shown that the present model reliably reproduces most empirical findings including synchronized flow, the so-called {\it pinch effect}, and the time-headway distribution of free flow. The findings suggest that many free flow phenomena can be attributed to the platoon formation of vehicles ({\it platoon effect})

5 pages, 3 figures, to appear in PRL

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• Criterion for traffic phases in single vehicle data and empirical test of a microscopic three-phase traffic theory
• Inefficient emergent oscillations in intersecting driven many-particle flows
• Collective steady-state patterns of swarmalators with finite-cutoff interaction distance
• Dissolution of traffic jam via additional local interactions
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• Statistical Physics of Synchronized Traffic Flow: Spatiotemporal Competition between S$\to$F and S$\to$J Instabilities
• Modelling traffic flow fluctuations
• Crowding effects in vehicular traffic
• Memory Effects and Scaling Properties of Traffic Flows
• Physics of Automated-Driving Vehicular Traffic
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• Agents for Traffic Simulation
• Effect of Driver Behavior on Spatiotemporal Congested Traffic Patterns at Highway Bottlenecks in the Framework of Three-Phase Traffic Theory
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• Speed dependent stochasticity capacitates Newell model for synchronized flow and oscillation growth pattern
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• Cellular automata approach to synchronized traffic flow modelling
• Effect of Autonomous Driving on Traffic Breakdown in Mixed Traffic Flow: A Critical Mini-Review