Imaging density disturbances in water with 41.3 attosecond time resolution

Abstract

We show that the momentum flexibility of inelastic x-ray scattering may be exploited to invert its loss function, alowing real time imaging of density disturbances in a medium. We show the disturbance arising from a point source in liquid water, with a resolution of 41.3 attoseconds ($4.13\times 10^{-17}$ sec) and 1.27 $\mathring{A}$ ($1.27\times 10^{-8}$ cm). This result is used to determine the structure of the electron cloud around a photoexcited molecule in solution, as well as the wake generated in water by a 9 MeV gold ion. We draw an analogy with pump-probe techniques and suggest that energy-loss scattering may be applied more generally to the study of attosecond phenomena.

arXiv comment4 pages, 4 color figures

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