Clustering of red Galaxies near the Radio-loud Quasar 1335.8+2834 at z=1.1

Abstract

We have obtained new deep optical and near-infrared images of the field of the radio-loud quasar 1335.8+2834 at $z=1.086$ where an excess in the surface number density of galaxies was reported by Hutchings et al. [AJ, 106, 1324] from optical data. We found a significant clustering of objects with very red optical-near infrared colors, $4\lesssim R-K\lesssim 6$ and $3\lesssim I-K\lesssim 5$ near the quasar. The colors and magnitudes of the reddest objects are consistent with those of old (12 Gyr old at z=0) passively-evolving elliptical galaxies seen at $z=1.1$, clearly defining a `red envelope' like that found in galaxy clusters at similar or lower redshifts. This evidence strongly suggests that the quasar resides in a moderately-rich cluster of galaxies (richness-class $\ge 0$). There is also a relatively large fraction of objects with moderately red colors ($3.5<R-K<4.5$) which have a distribution on the sky similar to that of the reddest objects. They may be interpreted as cluster galaxies with some recent or on-going star formation.

14 pages text, 5 PostScript figures, 1 GIF figure, and 1 combined PS file. Accepted for ApJ, Letters

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