Substructure: Clues to the Formation of Clusters of Galaxies

Abstract

We have examined the spatial distribution of substructure in clusters of galaxies using Einstein X-ray observations. Subclusters are found to have a markedly anisotropic distribution that reflects the surrounding matter distribution on supercluster scales. Our results suggest a picture in which cluster formation proceeds by mergers of subclusters along large-scale filaments. The implications of such an anisotropic formation process for the shapes, orientations and kinematics of clusters are discussed briefly.

arXiv comment7 pages, uuencoded compressed postscript. To appear in ApJ Letters (September 20, 1995 issue)

References in corpus (3)

• Substructure in Clusters and Central Galaxy Peculiar Velocities
• The Apm Galaxy Survey IV: Redshifts of Rich Clusters of Galaxies
• Structures in Galaxy Clusters

Cited by in corpus (79)

• The ACS Virgo Cluster Survey. XIII. SBF Distance Catalog and the Three-Dimensional Structure of the Virgo Cluster
• Internal and External Alignment of the Shapes and Angular Momenta of LCDM Halos
• Galaxy alignments: An overview
• Red Mergers and the Assembly of Massive Elliptical Galaxies: the Fundamental Plane and its Projections
• Shapes and Alignments of Galaxy Cluster Halos
• The Transformation of Galaxies within the Large Scale Structure around a z=0.41 Cluster
• WINGS-SPE Spectroscopy in the WIde-field Nearby Galaxy-cluster Survey
• Cluster Alignments and Ellipticities in LCDM Cosmology
• A Search for Warm/Hot Gas Filaments Between Pairs of SDSS Luminous Red Galaxies
• XMM- Newton Observation of the Coma Galaxy Cluster: The temperature structure in the central region
• Anisotropy in the Distribution of Satellite Galaxy Orbits
• Diffuse Tidal Structures in the Halos of Virgo Ellipticals
• Weak lensing mass distributions for 24 X-Ray Abell Clusters
• The dynamical state of brightest cluster galaxies and the formation of clusters
• The Influence of Large-Scale Structure on Halo Shapes and Alignments
• Diffuse Baryons in Groups and Clusters of Galaxies
• The Principal Axis of the Virgo Cluster
• Searching for cluster substructure using APM and ROSAT data
• Alignments of Galaxy Group Shapes with Large Scale Structure
• The Cluster Substructure - Alignment Connection
• Dynamical state and star formation properties of the merging galaxy cluster Abell 3921
• Evidence for Merging in the Centaurus Cluster
• Galaxy Alignments as a Probe of the Dynamical State of Clusters
• The Shape-Alignment relation in $\Lambda$CDM Cosmic Structures
• A Weak Gravitational Lensing and X-ray Analysis of Abell 2163
• Substructure Analysis of Selected Low Richness 2dFGRS Clusters of Galaxies
• Alignments of the Dominant Galaxies in Poor Clusters
• An XMM-Newton view of the extended "filament" near the cluster of galaxies Abell 85
• Intracluster Light in the Virgo Cluster: Large Scale Distribution
• A2125 and its Environs: Evidence for an X-ray-emitting Hierarchical Superstructure
• The Ellipticity and Orientation of Clusters of Galaxies from N-Body Experiments
• A High Resolution ROSAT X-Ray Study of Abell 4059
• Climbing to the top of the galactic mass ladder: evidence for frequent prolate-like rotation among the most massive galaxies
• Chandra observation of the multiple merger cluster Abell 521
• A Study of Catalogued Nearby Galaxy Clusters in the SDSS-DR4. II. Cluster Substructure
• Multiple Merging Events in the Double Cluster A3128/A3125
• Ten Billion Years of Brightest Cluster Galaxy Alignments
• A New Algorithm for the Detection of Inter-cluster Galaxy Filaments using Galaxy Orientation Alignments
• Testing the Universality of the (U-V) Color-Magnitude Relations for Nearby Clusters of Galaxies
• Alignment of Brightest Cluster Galaxies with their Host Clusters
• Merging history of three bimodal clusters
• Large-Scale Velocity Structures in the Horologium-Reticulum Supercluster
• Recent Dynamical Evolution of Galaxy Clusters
• Brightest Cluster Galaxies: the centre can(not?) hold
• Deconstructing A3266: A Major Merger in a Quiet Cluster
• The Nearest Neighbor Alignment of Cluster X-ray Isophotes
• Structural Evidence for Environment-Driven Transformation of the Blue Galaxies in Local Abell Clusters - A85, A496, and A754
• Projected alignment of non-sphericities of stellar, gas, and dark matter distributions in galaxy clusters: analysis of the Horizon-AGN simulation
• Galaxy Alignments in Very X-ray Luminous Clusters at z>0.5
• The eROSITA view of the Abell 3391/95 field: The Northern Clump. The largest infalling structure in the longest known gas filament observed with eROSITA, XMM-Newton, and Chandra
• Preliminary evidence for a virial shock around the Coma galaxy cluster
• Recent Dynamical Relaxation of Galaxy Clusters: Evidence for a Low-${\Omega }_m$ Universe
• X-ray to gamma-ray virial shock signal from the Coma cluster
• Einstein Cluster Alignments Revisited
• The eROSITA view of the Abell 3391/95 field: Cluster Outskirts and Filaments
• The XMM/2dF survey III: Comparison between optical and X-ray cluster detection methods
• Abell 2384: the galaxy population of a cluster post-merger
• The orientations of galaxy groups and formation of the Local Supercluster
• Alignment of Galaxies and Clusters
• Richness Dependence of the Recent Evolution of Clusters of Galaxies
• Massive Cooling Flow Clusters Inhabit Crowded Environments
• Galaxy Luminosity Function of Dynamically Young Abell 119 Cluster: Probing the Cluster Assembly
• Alignments of the Galaxies in and around the Virgo Cluster with the Local Velocity Shear
• On the Formation of cD Galaxies and their Parent Clusters
• Primordial alignment of elliptical galaxies in intermediate redshift clusters
• Evidence of Substructure in the Cluster of Galaxies A3558
• Shape of the Galactic Orbits in the CNOC1 Clusters
• XMM-Newton temperature maps for five intermediate redshift clusters of galaxies
• Coincident SZ and $\gamma$-ray signals from cluster virial shocks
• Linear Tidal Vestige found in the WM Sheet
• Multicolor Photometry of the Galaxy Cluster A98: Substructures and Star Formation Properties
• Modeling the Alignment Profile of Satellite Galaxies in Clusters
• Dependence of the dynamical properties of light-cone simulation dark matter halos on their environment
• Spatial Correlation of Massive Black Hole Mergers: Probing the Formation Mechanism and Reionization
• Constraining Lambda using cluster quadrupoles
• Evolution of Cluster Alignments as Evidence of Large-scale Structure Formation in the Universe
• Large-Scale Environmental Effects of the Cluster Distribution
• Excess of diffuse gamma-ray emission detected from the galaxy cluster Abell 119 from 14-year Fermi-LAT Data
• Photometric and Spectroscopic Study of Abell 0671