The XMM-Newton Optical Monitor Survey of the Taurus Molecular Cloud

Abstract

The Optical Monitor (OM) on-board XMM-Newton obtained optical/ultraviolet data for the XMM-Newton Extended Survey of the Taurus Molecular Cloud (XEST), simultaneously with the X-ray detectors. With the XEST OM data, we aim to study the optical and ultraviolet properties of TMC members, and to do correlative studies between the X-ray and OM light curves. In particular, we aim to determine whether accretion plays a significant role in the optical/ultraviolet and X-ray emissions. The Neupert effect in stellar flares is also investigated. Coordinates, average count rates and magnitudes were extracted from OM images, together with light curves with low time resolution (a few kiloseconds). For a few sources, OM FAST mode data were also available, and we extracted OM light curves with high time resolution. The OM data were correlated with Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS) data and with the XEST catalogue in the X-rays. The XEST OM catalogue contains 2,148 entries of which 1,893 have 2MASS counterparts. However, only 98 entries have X-ray counterparts, of which 51 of them are known TMC members and 12 additional are TMC candidates. The OM data indicate that accreting stars are statistically brighter in the U band than non-accreting stars after correction for extinction, and have U-band excesses, most likely due to accretion. The OM emission of accreting stars is variable, probably due to accretion spots, but it does not correlate with the X-ray light curve, suggesting that accretion does not contribute significantly to the X-ray emission of most accreting stars. In some cases, flares were detected in both X-ray and OM light curves and followed a Neupert effect pattern, in which the optical/ultraviolet emission precedes the X-ray emission of a flare, whereas the X-ray flux is proportional to the integral of the optical flux.

Accepted by A&A, to appear in a special section/issue dedicated to the XMM-Newton Extended Survey of the Taurus Molecular Cloud (XEST). Version with higher resolution figures available at this http://www.issibern.ch/teams/Taurus/papers.html

References in corpus (23)

• The XMM-Newton Extended Survey of the Taurus Molecular Cloud (XEST)
• New Brown Dwarfs and an Updated Initial Mass Function in Taurus
• From Radio to X-ray: Flares on the dMe Flare Star EV Lacertae
• X-rays from accretion shocks in T Tauri stars: The case of BP Tau
• Relationship between X-ray and ultraviolet emission of flares from dMe stars observed by XMM-Newton
• X-rays from T Tau: A test case for accreting T Tauri stars
• Evidence for an X-Ray Jet in DG Tau A?
• Rotational modulation of X-ray emission in Orion Nebula young stars
• X-rays from jet-driving protostars and T Tauri stars
• The first high-resolution X-ray spectrum of a Herbig Star: The case of AB Aurigae
• An X-ray Outburst from the Rapidly Accreting Young Star That Illuminates McNeil's Nebula
• High Resolution X-ray Spectroscopy of T Tauri Stars in the Taurus-Auriga Complex
• XMM-Newton X-ray spectroscopy of classical T Tauri stars
• The Herbig Ae star HD 163296 in X-rays
• A Simultaneous Optical and X-ray Variability Study of the Orion Nebula Cluster. I. Incidence of Time-Correlated X-ray/Optical Variations
• X-ray Emission from Orion Nebula Cluster Stars with Circumstellar Disks and Jets
• X-ray emission from the young brown dwarfs of the Taurus Molecular Cloud
• Flares observed with XMM-Newton and the VLA
• V1647 Ori: The X-ray Evolution of a Pre-main Sequence Accretion Burst
• X-Ray Spectral Variability During an Outburst in V1118 Ori
• Enhanced X-ray variability from V1647 Ori, the young star in outburst illuminating McNeil's Nebula
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Cited by in corpus (24)

• The Mass Dependence Between Protoplanetary Disks and their Stellar Hosts
• The XMM-Newton Extended Survey of the Taurus Molecular Cloud (XEST)
• The Taurus Spitzer Survey: New Candidate Taurus Members Selected Using Sensitive Mid-Infrared Photometry
• X-Ray Spectroscopy of Stars
• X-ray Emission from T Tauri Stars and the Role of Accretion: Inferences from the XMM-Newton Extended Survey of the Taurus Molecular Cloud
• Mass loss in pre-main sequence stars via coronal mass ejections and implications for angular momentum loss
• c2d Spitzer IRS Spectra of Disks around T Tauri Stars. III. [Ne II], [Fe I], and H_2 gas-phase lines
• The Transitional Protoplanetary Disk Frequency as a Function of Age: Disk Evolution in the Coronet Cluster, Taurus, and Other 1--8 Myr-old Regions
• X-rays from T Tau: A test case for accreting T Tauri stars
• X-rays from jet-driving protostars and T Tauri stars
• A survey of stellar X-ray flares from the XMM-Newton serendipitous source catalogue: Hipparcos-Tycho cool stars
• Mass accretion to young stars triggered by flaring activity in circumstellar disks
• Gaia Data Release 3: Ellipsoidal Variables with Possible Black-Hole or Neutron Star secondaries
• Star-disk interactions in multi-band photometric monitoring of the classical T Tauri star GI Tau
• A Search for Star-Disk Interaction Among the Strongest X-ray Flaring Stars in the Orion Nebula Cluster
• Mass-accretion, spectral, and photometric properties of T Tauri stars in Taurus based on TESS and LAMOST
• A new view of the corona of classical T Tauri stars: Effects of flaring activity in circumstellar disks
• X-ray Production by V1647 Ori During Optical Outbursts
• X-rays from young stars - a summary of highlights from the XMM-Newton Extended Survey of the Taurus Molecular Cloud (XEST)
• Orbital parameters and activity of ZZ Tau -- a low mass young binary with circumbinary disc
• MN Lup: X-rays from a weakly accreting T Tauri star
• An Asymmetric Eclipse Seen Towards the Pre-Main Sequence Binary System V928 Tau
• X-ray Properties of Low-Mass Pre-Main Sequence Stars in the Orion Trapezium Cluster
• Candidate Coronagraphic Detections of Protoplanetary Disks around Four Young Stars