Pupil Mapping in 2-D for High-Contrast Imaging

Abstract

Pupil-mapping is a technique whereby a uniformly-illuminated input pupil, such as from starlight, can be mapped into a non-uniformly illuminated exit pupil, such that the image formed from this pupil will have suppressed sidelobes, many orders of magnitude weaker than classical Airy ring intensities. Pupil mapping is therefore a candidate technique for coronagraphic imaging of extrasolar planets around nearby stars. The pupil mapping technique is lossless, and preserves the full angular resolution of the collecting telescope, so it could possibly give the highest signal-to-noise ratio of any proposed single-telescope system for detecting extrasolar planets. A planet fainter than $10^{-10}$ times its parent star, and as close as about $2\lambda /D$ should be detectable. We derive the 2-dimensional equations of pupil mapping for both 2-mirror and 2-lens systems. We give examples for both cases. We derive analytical estimates of aberration in a 2-mirror system, and show that the aberrations are essentially corrected with an added reversed set of mirrors.

35 pages, 10 figures, 1 table. To download version with higher resolution figures, visit http://www.orfe.princeton.edu/~rvdb/tex/piaa2/ms.dvi.pdf

References in corpus (7)

• Phase-Induced Amplitude Apodization of Telescope Pupils for Extrasolar Terrestrial Planet Imaging
• A Coronagraph with a Band-Limited Mask for Finding Terrestrial Planets
• Detection of Earth-like Planets Using Apodized Telescopes
• Circularly Symmetric Apodization via Starshaped Masks
• Rectangular-Mask Coronagraphs for High-Contrast Imaging
• Spiderweb Masks for High-Contrast Imaging
• Two-Mirror Apodization for High-Contrast Imaging

Cited by in corpus (10)

• Theoretical Limits on Extrasolar Terrestrial Planet Detection with Coronagraphs
• High-contrast Imaging from Space: Speckle Nulling in a Low Aberration Regime
• High Contrast Imaging with an Arbitrary Aperture: Active Correction of Aperture Discontinuities
• Speckle Control with a remapped-pupil PIAA-coronagraph
• Design of PIAA coronagraphs over square apertures
• Diffraction Analysis of 2-D Pupil Mapping for High-Contrast Imaging
• Polynomial Apodizers for Centrally Obscured Vortex Coronagraphs
• Diffraction-Based Sensitivity Analysis of Apodized Pupil Mapping Systems
• Active compensation of aperture discontinuities for WFIRST-AFTA: analytical and numerical comparison of propagation methods and preliminary results with a WFIRST-AFTA-like pupil
• Design of mirrors and apodization functions in phase-induced amplitude apodization (PIAA) systems