The European Large Area ISO Survey I: Goals, Definition and Observation

Abstract

We describe the European Large Area ISO Survey (ELAIS). ELAIS was the largest single Open Time project conducted by ISO, mapping an area of 12 square degrees at 15mu with ISO-CAM and at 90mu with ISO-PHOT. Secondary surveys in other ISO bands were undertaken by the ELAIS team within the fields of the primary survey, with 6 square degrees being covered at 6.7mu and 1 square degree at 175mu. This paper discusses the goals of the project and the techniques employed in its construction, as well as presenting details of the observations carried out, the data from which are now in the public domain. We outline the ELAIS ``Preliminary Analysis'' which led to the detection of over 1000 sources from the 15 and 90 mu surveys (the majority selected at 15mu with a flux limit of ~3 mJy), to be fed into a ground-based follow-up campaign, as well as a programme of photometric observations of detected sources using both ISO-CAM and ISO-PHOT. We detail how the ELAIS survey complements other ISO surveys in terms of depth and areal coverage, and show that the extensive multi-wavelength coverage of the ELAIS fields resulting from our concerted and on-going follow-up programme has made these regions amongst the best studied areas of their size in the entire sky, and, therefore, natural targets for future surveys. This paper accompanies the release of extremely reliable sub-sets of the ``Preliminary Analysis'' products. Subsequent papers in this series will give further details of our data reduction techniques, reliability & completeness estimates and present the 15 and 90 nu number counts from the ``Preliminary Analysis'', while a further series of papers will discuss in detail the results from the ELAIS ``Final Analysis'', as well as from the follow-up programme.

23 pages 16 Figures, MNRAS accepted, see also http://athena.ph.ic.ac.uk/, revisions ELAIS consortium added to authors above, one figure un-inverted

References in corpus (23)

• Maps of Dust IR Emission for Use in Estimation of Reddening and CMBR Foregrounds
• High Redshift Galaxies in the Hubble Deep Field. Color Selection and Star Formation History to z=4
• Lyman Break Galaxies at z>4 and the Evolution of the UV Luminosity Density at High Redshift
• Unveiling Dust-enshrouded Star Formation in the Early Universe: a Sub-mm Survey of the Hubble Deep Field
• A Deep Sub-millimeter Survey of Lensing Clusters: A New Window on Galaxy Formation and Evolution
• What Powers Ultra-luminous IRAS Galaxies?
• Reconstructing the linear power spectrum of cosmological mass fluctuations
• The Spectrum of the Extragalactic Far Infrared Background from the COBE Firas Observations
• Dusty star forming galaxies at high redshift
• The COBE Diffuse Infrared Background Experiment Search for the Cosmic Infrared Background: I. Limits and Detections
• Optical Spectroscopy of the IRAS 1-Jy Sample of Ultraluminous Infrared Galaxies
• The Canada-UK Deep Submillimetre Survey: First Submillimetre Images, the Source Counts, and Resolution of the Background
• A large mid-infrared spectroscopic and near-IR imaging survey of ULIRGs: their nature and evolution
• The nature and evolution of Ultraluminous Infrared Galaxies: A mid-infrared spectroscopic survey
• Deep counts of submillimeter galaxies
• The mass density in black holes inferred from the X-ray background
• Semi-analytic modelling of galaxy evolution in the IR/submm range
• The European Large Area ISO Survey II: mid-infrared extragalactic source counts
• A Deep VLA survey at 20cm of the ISO ELAIS survey regions
• The Direct Test of Cosmological Model for Cosmic Gamma-Ray Bursts Based on the Peak Alignment Averaging
• Optical identifications and spectroscopy of a faint radio source sample: the nature of the sub-mJy population
• Observations of the Hubble Deep Field with the Infrared Space Observatory. I. Data reduction, maps and sky coverage
• The AGN/Normal Galaxy Connection : Summary

Cited by in corpus (149)

• The Herschel Multi-tiered Extragalactic Survey: HerMES
• SWIRE: The SIRTF Wide-area InfraRed Extragalactic Survey
• PRIMUS: Constraints on Star Formation Quenching and Galaxy Merging, and the Evolution of the Stellar Mass Function From z=0-1
• The SCUBA 8-mJy survey - I: Sub-millimetre maps, sources and number counts
• The PRIsm MUlti-Object Survey (PRIMUS) I: Survey Overview and Characteristics
• Dusty Infrared Galaxies: Sources of the Cosmic Infrared Background
• A Long-Wavelength View on Galaxy Evolution from Deep Surveys by the Infrared Space Observatory
• The Chandra Deep Field North Survey. VI. The Nature of the Optically Faint X-ray Source Population
• The European Large Area ISO Survey (ELAIS): The Final Band-merged Catalogue
• Ultraluminous Infrared Galaxies
• Cosmic Infrared Background and Early Galaxy Evolution
• An ISOCAM survey through gravitationally lensing galaxy clusters
• The LOFAR Two Metre Sky Survey: Deep Fields Data Release 1 -- III. Host-galaxy identifications and value added catalogues
• HELP: modelling the spectral energy distributions of Herschel detected galaxies in the ELAIS N1 field
• Probing Early Structure Formation with Far-Infrared Background Correlations
• The European Large Area ISO Survey II: mid-infrared extragalactic source counts
• A backward evolution model for infrared surveys: the role of AGN- and Color-L_TIR distributions
• Models for Multiband IR Surveys
• New Method for ISOCAM Data Reduction - II. Mid-Infrared Extragalactic Source Counts in the Southern ELAIS Field
• The LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey Deep Fields Data Release 1: V. Survey description, source classifications and host galaxy properties
• SANEPIC: A Map-Making Method for Timestream Data From Large Arrays
• ImpZ: a new photometric redshift code for galaxies and quasars
• Sub-millimetre observations of hyperluminous infrared galaxies
• Hidden star-formation in the cluster of galaxies Abell 1689
• HELP: A catalogue of 170 million objects, selected at 0.36-4.5 $\mu$m, from 1270 deg.${}^2$ of prime extragalactic fields
• The coincidence and angular clustering of Chandra and SCUBA sources
• Mid-infrared spectroscopy of infrared-luminous galaxies at z~0.5-3
• A combined re-analysis of existing blank-field SCUBA surveys: comparative 850-micron source lists, combined number counts, and evidence for strong clustering of the bright sub-mm galaxy population
• The ELAIS Deep X-ray Survey I: Chandra Source Catalogue and First Results
• The SCUBA 8-mJy survey - II: Multiwavelength analysis of bright sub-mm sources
• Complete Multiwavelength Characterization of Faint Chandra X-ray Sources Seen in the Spitzer Wide-Area IR Extragalactic (SWIRE) Survey
• ATLAS - I. Third Release of 1.4 GHz Mosaics and Component Catalogues
• Star formation and nuclear activity in luminous infrared galaxies: An infrared through radio review
• The Mid-IR luminosity function of galaxies in the ELAIS Southern fields
• PRIMUS: Galaxy Clustering as a Function of Luminosity and Color at 0.2<z<1
• Gas properties of HII and Starburst galaxies: relation with the stellar population
• PRIMUS + DEEP2: Clustering of X-ray, Radio and IR-AGN at z~0.7
• The European Large Area ISO Survey III: 90micron extragalactic source counts
• The Spitzer Space Telescope First-Look Survey: KPNO MOSAIC-1 R-band Images and Source Catalogs
• A Bridge from Optical to Infrared Galaxies: Explaining Local Properties, Predicting Galaxy Counts and the Cosmic Background Radiation
• Extragalactic Source Counts at 24 Microns in the Spitzer First Look Survey
• Radio Polarimetry of the ELAIS N1 Field: Polarized Compact Sources
• Infrared spectroscopy of faint 15 micron sources in the Hubble Deep Field South: first hints at the properties of the sources of the IR background
• Supernova Host Galaxies in the Dark Energy Survey: I. Deep Coadds, Photometry, and Stellar Masses
• Exploring Galaxy Evolution from Infrared Number Counts and Cosmic Infrared Background
• The Radio/Mid-Infrared Correlation and the Contribution of 15-micron Galaxies to the 1.4-GHz Source Counts
• Galaxies Probing Galaxies in PRIMUS - I. Sample, Spectroscopy, and Characteristics of the z~0.5 MgII-Absorbing Circumgalactic Medium
• Active Galactic Nuclei in the mid-IR. Evolution and Contribution to the Cosmic Infrared Background
• The nature of the mid-infrared population from optical identifications of the ELAIS-S1 sample
• A 610-MHz survey of the ELAIS-N1 field with the Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope - Observations, data analysis and source catalogue
• Spectral index properties of milliJansky radio sources
• PRIMUS+DEEP2: The Dependence of Galaxy Clustering on Stellar Mass and Specific Star Formation Rate at 0.2 < z < 1.2
• The ESO-Spitzer Imaging extragalactic Survey (ESIS) I: WFI B,V,R deep observations of ELAIS-S1 and comparison to Spitzer and GALEX data
• H alpha emitting galaxies and the star formation rate density at z~0.24
• A New Method for ISOCAM Data Reduction - I. Application to the European Large Area ISO Survey Southern Field: Method and Results
• Low-frequency monitoring of flare star binary CR Draconis: Long-term electron-cyclotron maser emission
• Observations of the Hubble Deep Field South with the Infrared Space Observatory - I. Observations, data reduction and mid-infrared source counts
• The DRAO Planck Deep Fields: the polarization properties of radio galaxies at 1.4 GHz
• The local star formation rate and radio luminosity density
• Large scale structure in the HI Parkes All-Sky Survey: Filling the Voids with HI galaxies?
• The local sub-mm luminosity functions and predictions from Spitzer to Herschel
• Dwarf AGNs from Optical Variability for the Origins of Seeds (DAVOS): Insights from the Dark Energy Survey Deep Fields
• PRIMUS: One- and Two-Halo Galactic Conformity at $0.2<z<1$
• Infrared-Faint Radio Sources: A New Population of High-redshift Radio Galaxies
• Spitzer and ISO Galaxy Counts in the Mid-Infrared
• The European Large Area ISO Survey V: a BeppoSAX hard X-ray survey of the S1 region
• Evolutionary Constraints from Infra-Red Source Counts
• The European Large Area ISO Survey VIII: 90-micron final analysis and source counts
• The LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey: the radio view of the cosmic star formation history
• An ISOCAM survey through gravitationally lensing galaxy clusters. IV. Luminous infrared galaxies in Cl 0024+1654 and the dynamical status of clusters
• The European Large Area ISO Survey IV: the preliminary 90 micron luminosity function
• The Deep Diffuse Extragalactic Radio Sky at 1.75 GHz
• Obscured AGN from the ELAIS Deep X-ray Survey
• The Evolution of type 1 AGN in the IR (15mu). The view from ELAIS-S1
• The European Large Area ISO Survey IX: the 90 micron luminosity function from the Final Analysis sample
• A Wide-area GMRT 610~MHz survey of ELAIS N1 field
• An ISOCAM survey through gravitationally lensing galaxy clusters. III. New results from mid-infrared observations of th e cluster Abell 2219
• Polarized Radio Sources: A Study of Luminosity, Redshift and Infrared Colors
• A far infrared view of the Lockman Hole from ISO 95 $\mu$m observations - I. A new data reduction method
• The bright end of the infrared luminosity functions and the abundance of hyperluminous infrared galaxies
• Remarkable Disk and Off-nuclear Starburst Activity in the "Tadpole Galaxy" as revealed by the Spitzer Space Telescope
• Near and mid-infrared colours of star-forming galaxies in ELAIS fields
• Diffuse Radio Emission from Galaxy Clusters in the LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey Deep Fields
• Spectroscopic identifications of Spitzer sources in the SWIRE/XMM-NEWTON/ELAIS-S1 field: a large fraction of Active Galactic Nuclei with high F(24micron)/F(R) ratio
• Final Analysis of ELAIS 15 $\mu$m Observations : Method, Reduction and Catalogue
• First results from the Isaac Newton Telescope Wide Angle Survey: The z>5 quasar survey
• Number Counts of Bright Extremely Red Objects: Evolved Massive Galaxies at z~1
• On the nature of the ISO-selected sources in the ELAIS S2 region
• The European Large Area ISO Survey VI - Discovery of a new hyperluminous infrared galaxy
• Far Infrared Luminosity Function of Local Star-forming Galaxies in the AKARI Deep Field South
• WEAVE-StePS. A stellar population survey using WEAVE at WHT
• The LOFAR Two Metre Sky Survey: Deep Fields. II. The ELAIS-N1 LOFAR deep field
• ISOCAM observations in the Lockman Hole - I The 14.3 micron shallow survey: data reduction, catalogue, and optical identifications
• Radio spectral properties of star-forming galaxies between 150-5000MHz in the ELAIS-N1 field
• High-resolution Observations of Low-luminosity Gigahertz-Peaked Spectrum and Compact Steep Spectrum Sources
• J1615+5452: a remnant radio galaxy in the ELAIS-N1 field
• ASTRO-F - The next generation of mid-infrared surveys
• The Environment on few Mpc scales of Infrared Luminous Galaxies at Redshifts z~1
• The 12um ISO-ESO-Sculptor and 24um Spitzer faint counts reveal a population of ULIRG/AGN/dusty massive ellipticals Evolution by types and cosmic star formation
• Unbiased large spectroscopic surveys of galaxies selected by SPICA using dust bands
• The 60-micron extragalactic background radiation intensity, dust-enshrouded AGNs and the assembly of groups and clusters of galaxies
• LOFAR Deep Fields: Probing a broader population of polarized radio galaxies in ELAIS-N1
• The European Large Area ISO Survey (ELAIS): Optical Identifications of 15 micron and 1.4 GHz sources in N1 and N2
• FIRBACK: II. Data Reduction and Calibration of the 170 micron ISO Deep Cosmological Survey
• Dust and gas obscuration in ELAIS Deep X-ray Survey reddened quasars
• Large Scale Structure in the ELAIS S1 Survey
• FIRBACK IV: Towards the nature of the 170microns source population
• Deep Drilling in the Time Domain with DECam: Survey Characterization
• Clustering of galaxies at 3.6 microns in the Spitzer Wide-area Infrared Extragalactic legacy survey
• The LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey: Deep Fields Data Release 2. I. The ELAIS-N1 field
• AKARI/IRC source catalogues and source counts for the IRAC Dark Field, ELAIS North and the AKARI Deep Field South
• Getting ready for the LSST data -- estimating the physical properties of $z<2.5$ main sequence galaxies
• The Redshift Distribution of Infrared-Faint Radio Sources
• The European Large Area ISO Survey VII: ROSAT observations of ELAIS sources
• HST imaging survey of sub-mJy star-forming galaxies I: morphologies at z ~ 0.2
• The milliJansky 12 micron Population: First Followup
• The AKARI FU-HYU galaxy evolution program: First results from the GOODS-N field
• The Wyoming Survey for H-alpha. I. Initial Results at z ~ 0.16 and 0.24
• Faint polarised sources in the Lockman Hole field at 1.4 GHz
• The Effectiveness of Mid IR / Far IR Blind, Wide Area, Spectral Surveys in Breaking the Confusion Limit
• Selection of powerful radio galaxies with machine learning
• PRIMUS: Clustering of Star-forming and Quiescent Central Galaxies at $0.2<z<0.9$
• An Overdensity of Extremely Red Objects Around Faint Mid-IR galaxies
• The VOICE Survey : VST Optical Imaging of the CDFS and ES1 Fields
• A population of extreme mid-to-near-infrared sources: obscured AGN and dusty starbursts
• A study of the 15 micron quasars in the ELAIS N1 and N2 fields
• 1-arcsecond imaging of ELAIS-N1 field at 144MHz using the LoTSS survey with international LOFAR telescope
• A multi--wavelength study of the IRAS Deep Survey galaxy sample II. The far-IR properties
• Weak Lensing Study in VOICE Survey II: Shear Bias Calibrations
• Starburst activity in a ROSAT Narrow Emission-Line Galaxy
• PRIMUS: The Effect of Physical Scale on the Luminosity-Dependence of Galaxy Clustering via Cross-Correlations
• Understanding galaxy formation with ISO deep surveys
• A multi-band AGN-SFG classifier for extragalactic radio surveys using machine learning
• Variability and transient search in the SUDARE-VOICE field: a new method to extract the light curves
• A Spitzer Unbiased Ultradeep Spectroscopic Survey
• Properties of IR selected Active Galactic Nuclei
• Star formation history of $0.1\le \text{z}\le 1.5$ mass-selected galaxies in the ELAIS-N1 Field
• A Large Massive Quiescent Galaxy Sample at z~1.2
• The Redshift-Space Two Point Correlation Function of ELAIS-S1 Galaxies
• The incidence of X-ray AGN and non-AGN galaxies in the far-infrared: insights into host galaxy properties and AGN obscuration
• AGN counts at 15um. XMM observations of the ELAIS-S1-5 sample
• HELP project - a dreamed-of multiwavelength dataset for SED fitting: the influence of used models for the main physical properties of galaxies
• SEMPER I. Radio Predictions for Star-Forming Galaxies at $0<z<5$
• Antarctic Survey Telescope 3-3: Overview, System Performance and Preliminary Observations at Yaoan, Yunnan
• An ACA 1mm survey of HzRGs in the ELAIS-S1: survey description and first results
• The X-ray-Infrared/Submillimetre Connection and the Legacy Era of Cosmology
• Lenses In VoicE (LIVE): Searching for strong gravitational lenses in the VOICE@VST survey using Convolutional Neural Networks
• Spectroscopic Characterization of LOFAR Radio-emitting M dwarfs
• Prospects for radio weak lensing: studies using LOFAR observations in the ELAIS-N1 field