Resonant capture, counter-rotating disks, and polar rings

Abstract

We suggest that polar rings and/or counter-rotating disks in flattened galaxies can be formed from stars captured at the Binney resonance, where the rate of precession of the angular momentum vector of a disk star equals the pattern speed of a triaxial halo. If the halo pattern speed is initially retrograde and slowly decays to zero, stars can be trapped as the Binney resonance sweeps past them, and levitated into polar orbits. If the halo pattern speed is initially retrograde and slowly changes to prograde, trapped stars can evolve from prograde to retrograde disk orbits. The stellar components of polar rings formed by this process should consist of two equal, counter-rotating star streams.

10 pages, 6 figures, Latex. Submitted to MNRAS

Cited by in corpus (26)

• Hierarchical Galaxy Formation
• Rotation Curves of Spiral Galaxies
• Clustering of Galaxy Clusters in CDM Universes
• Mixing Metals in the Early Universe
• Orbital structure of merger remnants: Trends with gas fraction in 1:1 mergers
• The origin of polar ring galaxies: evidence for galaxy formation by cold accretion
• The Orbital Evolution Induced by Baryonic Condensation in Triaxial Halos
• Warps and Bars from the External Tidal Torques of Tumbling Dark Halos
• Traditional formation scenarios fail to explain 4:3 mean motion resonances
• Probing the shape and history of the Milky Way halo with orbital spectral analysis
• Figure Rotation of Cosmological Dark Matter Halos
• On the origin of star-gas counterrotation in low-mass galaxies
• Extreme kinematic misalignment in IllustrisTNG galaxies: the origin, structure and internal dynamics of galaxies with a large-scale counterrotation
• A strategy for finding gravitationally-lensed distant supernovae
• SDSS-IV MaNGA: Integral-field kinematics and stellar population of a sample of galaxies with counter-rotating stellar disks selected from about 4000 galaxies
• The Halo Shape and Evolution of Polar Disc Galaxies
• Harassment Origin for Kinematic Substructures in Dwarf Elliptical Galaxies?
• A pair of leading spiral arms in a luminous infrared galaxy?
• Stellar Motions in the Polar Ring Galaxy NGC 4650A
• Global m=1 instabilities and lopsidedness in disc galaxies
• A physical model for the hard X-ray background
• Gas and stellar kinematic misalignment in MaNGA galaxies: what is the origin of counter-rotating gas?
• The Black Hole Mass and the Stellar Ring in NGC 3706
• The visible environment of galaxies with counterrotation
• The counter-streaming instability in dwarf ellipticals with off-center nuclei
• Dynamical modelling of galactic disc outskirts