Constraining Exponential f(Q) Gravity with Cosmic Chronometers and Supernovae: A Data-Driven Analysis

Abstract

The current paper reports an investigation of the cosmological implications of symmetric teleparallel gravity within a modified $f(Q)$ theory. We construct a specific exponential $f(Q)$ model as $f(Q)=Q+{\eta }_1{Q}_0\left(1-e^{-{\eta }_2\sqrt{Q/Q_0}}\right)$, designed to smoothly deviate from General Relativity and accommodate both early-time inflation and late-time accelerated expansion. By employing Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods, we constrain the model parameters ${\eta }_1$, ${\eta }_2$, $H_0$, and ${\Omega }_{m_0}$ using a combination of cosmic chronometers (CC), Pantheon, and Pantheon${}^{+}$ Supernovae datasets. Our analysis demonstrates that the model consistently supports a late-time acceleration scenario and is in good agreement with current cosmological observations. We extensively analyze the dynamical behavior of the model using key cosmological diagnostics, including the deceleration parameter, equation of state, energy density parameters, Statefinder, and Om diagnostics. The reconstructed Hubble parameter $H(z)$ and distance modulus $\mu (z)$ show strong consistency with $\Lambda$CDM and observational data, while subtle deviations at higher redshifts highlight the value of multi-probe observations. In addition, the examination of energy conditions shows that, in accordance with cosmic acceleration, the Strong Energy Condition (SEC) is broken at lower redshifts while the Dominant Energy Condition (DEC) and Null Energy Condition (NEC) are satisfied. Cosmic age estimates from the model are consistently in agreement with Planck constraints. Our results indicate the viability of exponential $f(Q)$ gravity. A comparative statistical analysis reveals that while $\Lambda$CDM remains statistically preferred based on AIC and BIC criteria, the exponential $f(Q)$ model yields comparable fits and remains a theoretically motivated and viable alternative for describing cosmic acceleration.

45 pages, 13 figures

References in corpus (23)

• Dynamics of dark energy
• Unified cosmic history in modified gravity: from F(R) theory to Lorentz non-invariant models
• Dark Energy and the Accelerating Universe
• Beyond the Cosmological Standard Model
• Raising the bar: new constraints on the Hubble parameter with cosmic chronometers at z$\sim$2
• Extended Theories of Gravity and their Cosmological and Astrophysical Applications
• Two new diagnostics of dark energy
• Planck evidence for a closed Universe and a possible crisis for cosmology
• Testing $F(Q)$ gravity with redshift space distortions
• Bouncing Cosmology in f(Q) Symmetric Teleparallel Gravity
• Can $f(Q)$ gravity challenge $\Lambda$CDM?
• Physical Characteristics and Maximum Allowable Mass of Hybrid Star in the Context of $f(Q)$ Gravity
• Observational constraints on two cosmological models of $f(Q)$ theory
• Matter Bounce Scenario and the Dynamical aspects in f(Q,T) Gravity
• Exploring physical properties of minimally deformed strange star model and constraints on maximum mass limit in $f(\mathcal{Q})$ gravity
• On the impact of $f(Q)$ gravity on the Large Scale Structure
• Late-time cosmology with phantom dark-energy in $f(Q)$ gravity
• Comparison between different methods of model selection in cosmology
• Observational analysis of late-time acceleration in $f(Q,L_m)$ gravity
• Weyl type $f(Q,T)$ gravity observational constrained cosmological model
• Constraints on anisotropic properties of the universe in $f(Q,T)$ gravity theory
• Bulk viscous cosmological model in $f(T,\mathcal{T})$ modified gravity
• Cosmological constraints on $f(Q)$ gravity models in the non-coincident formalism

Cited by in corpus (1)

• Accelerating behavior from dynamical system analysis parameters