Charged galactic wormholes: shadow imaging, accretion disks, and charged-particle deflection

Abstract

We investigate the gravitational deflection of charged massive particles by a charged galactic wormhole supported by the Sofue dark matter density profile \cite{r57}, $\rho (r)={\rho }_0{e}^{-r/r_0},$ where ${\rho }_0$ and $r_0$ denote the central dark matter density and the characteristic scale radius, respectively. This phenomenological profile models the dark matter distribution in galactic halos and acts as the matter source sustaining the wormhole geometry. Extending our previous investigation of light rays and neutral massive particles in this spacetime \cite{b1}, we study the combined effects of gravitational and electromagnetic interactions on the motion of charged massive particles. The deflection angle is computed independently using the Rindler--Ishak method based on the Jacobi metric and the Gauss--Bonnet theorem, enabling a systematic comparison between the two approaches. We find that the predictions of the two methods become nearly indistinguishable in the relativistic regime, whereas the differences at lower velocities arise from the velocity-dependent correction terms proportional to $(1-v^2)$ in the trajectory equation. We further perform backward relativistic ray tracing of optically thin accretion flows around the charged galactic wormhole to investigate its shadow and photon-ring structure. Although the shadow remains circular because of the spacetime's spherical symmetry, its radius, photon-ring structure, and intensity distribution exhibit a nontrivial dependence on the wormhole charge, providing potential observational signatures of charged galactic wormholes. These results provide new insights into the interplay between gravitational and electromagnetic interactions in charged wormhole spacetimes and their observational manifestations.

arXiv commentTypos corrected; accepted in Physics Letters B

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