Analysis of the Pion Electromagnetic Form Factor with Next-to-Next-to-Leading Order QCD Corrections

Abstract

NNLO QCD corrections for the pion electromagnetic form factor at large momentum transfer have been recently performed in [Phys. Rev. Lett. 132, 201901 (2024); Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 221901 (2025)], revealing that the NLO and NNLO contributions are positive and sizeable. Unfortunately, these predictions have been obtained using the conventional scale-setting method and thus they are plagued by large renormalization scale ambiguities. In this paper, we analyze the pion electromagnetic form factor at NNLO by applying the Principle of Maximum Conformality (PMC), which is introduced with the aim of resolving renormalization scheme and scale ambiguities. By applying the PMC, a more precise perturbative QCD (pQCD) prediction for the pion EMFF \(Q^2F_π(Q^2)\) without conventional renormalization scale ambiguity can be achieved. This improved pQCD prediction is highly beneficial for the precise determination of the pion light-cone distribution amplitude. We then conduct a comprehensive comparison between theoretical predictions and experimental measurements of the pion EMFF \(Q^2F_π(Q^2)\).

arXiv commentpublished version. 12 pages, 8 figures

References in corpus (43)

• Renormalons
• Light-Front Holographic QCD and Emerging Confinement
• Two-pion contribution to hadronic vacuum polarization
• Electron-Ion Collider in China
• Physics Opportunities with the 12 GeV Upgrade at Jefferson Lab
• Measurement of the Charged Pion Electromagnetic Form Factor
• Determination of the Charged Pion Form Factor at Q2=1.60 and 2.45 (GeV/c)2
• Charged pion form factor between Q^2=0.60 and 2.45 GeV^2. II. Determination of, and results for, the pion form factor
• The QCD Pomeron with Optimal Renormalization
• Determination of the pion charge form factor for Q^2=0.60-1.60 GeV^2
• A Systematic All-Orders Method to Eliminate Renormalization-Scale and Scheme Ambiguities in PQCD
• Commensurate Scale Relations in Quantum Chromodynamics
• Systematic Scale-Setting to All Orders: The Principle of Maximum Conformality and Commensurate Scale Relations
• QCD-based pion distribution amplitudes confronting experimental data
• Light Cone Sum Rules for the pi0-gamma*-gamma Form Factor Revisited
• Eliminating the Renormalization Scale Ambiguity for Top-Pair Production Using the Principle of Maximum Conformality
• The Renormalization Scale-Setting Problem in QCD
• Pion Form Factor in QCD at Intermediate Momentum Transfers
• Comparison of the Pade Approximation Method to Perturbative QCD Calculations
• Light-cone distribution amplitudes of pseudoscalar mesons from lattice QCD
• Lattice Results for Low Moments of Light Meson Distribution Amplitudes
• Revealing the structure of light pseudoscalar mesons at the Electron-Ion Collider
• The hard to soft Pomeron transition in small x DIS data using optimal renormalization
• The pion form factor from lattice QCD with two dynamical flavours
• Complete next-to-leading order perturbative QCD prediction for the pion electromagnetic form factor
• Mueller-Navelet jets at 13 TeV LHC: dependence on dynamic constraints in the central rapidity region
• High-Energy Resummation in Di-hadron Production at the LHC
• Three-loop evolution equation for flavor-nonsinglet operators in off-forward kinematics
• Hunting BFKL in semi-hard reactions at the LHC
• Stability of Azimuthal-angle Observables under Higher Order Corrections in Inclusive Three-jet Production
• High-energy resummation in ${\Lambda }_c$ baryon production
• Diffractive production of $\Lambda$ hyperons in the high-energy limit of strong interactions
• Dihadron production at the LHC: full next-to-leading BFKL calculation
• Reanalysis of the BFKL Pomeron at the next-to-leading logarithmic accuracy
• Diffractive semi-hard production of a $J/\psi$ or a ${\rm Y}$ from single-parton fragmentation plus a jet in hybrid factorization
• Hadron-jet correlations in high-energy hadronic collisions at the LHC
• Systematic estimation of theoretical uncertainties in the calculation of the pion-photon transition form factor using light-cone sum rules
• Bottom-flavored inclusive emissions in the variable-flavor number scheme: A high-energy analysis
• Extending the Predictive Power of Perturbative QCD
• Pion-photon transition form factor in LCSR and tests of asymptotics
• Mueller-Navelet jets at the LHC: hunting data with azimuthal distributions
• The ${\gamma }^{\ast }{\gamma }^{\ast }$ total cross section in next-to-leading order BFKL and LEP2 data
• Gauge dependence of the perturbative QCD predictions under the momentum space subtraction scheme

Cited by in corpus (1)

• Pion structure in Holographic QCD