Detection and Characterization of Quasi-Periodic Oscillations in Seyfert Galaxy NGC 4151

Abstract

This study aims to detect and characterize quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) signals in X-ray observations of NGC 4151. We employed the Weighted Wavelet Z-transform (WWZ) and Lomb-Scargle periodogram (LSP) methods for our analysis. QPO signals with frequencies of 5.91 $\times 10^{-4}$ Hz and 5.68 $\times 10^{-4}$ Hz were detected in observations conducted by Chandra (ObsID 7830) in 2007 and XMM-Newton (ObsID 0761670301) in 2015, with confidence levels of 3.7 $\sigma$ and 3.3 $\sigma$, respectively. These signals are the first to be independently observed by two different telescopes over an eight-year period with closely matched frequencies. Most notably, the combined confidence level of the QPO signals from these two independent observations reaches an exceptional 5.2 $\sigma$, which is rare in astrophysical research and significantly strengthens our conviction in the authenticity of these signals. A detailed analysis of the observational data suggests that these QPO signals may be correlated with the properties of the central supermassive black hole. Additionally, spectral analysis of the observational data revealed no significant spectral differences between the QPO and non-QPO segments. These findings provide new insights into the X-ray variability mechanisms of the central black hole in NGC 4151 and offer a novel perspective for black hole mass estimation.

arXiv comment8 pages, 4 figures

References in corpus (45)

• X-ray Properties of Black-Hole Binaries
• The European Photon Imaging Camera on XMM-Newton: The MOS Cameras
• An Overview of the Performance and Scientific Results from the Chandra X-Ray Observatory (CXO)
• Broad-band gamma-ray and X-ray spectra of NGC 4151 and their implications for physical processes and geometry
• A precise determination of angular momentum in the black hole candidate GRO J1655-40
• Correlations in the QPO Frequencies of Low Mass X-Ray Binaries and the Relativistic Precession Model
• The Contribution of the Obscuring Torus to the X--Ray Spectrum of Seyfert Galaxies: A Test for the Unification Model
• A New Simple Model for High Frequency Quasi Periodic Oscillations in Black Hole Candidates
• Generating artificial light curves: Revisited and updated
• X-ray variability of 104 active galactic nuclei. XMM-Newton power-spectrum density profiles
• Relativistic Diskoseismology
• BASS XXII: The BASS DR2 AGN Catalog and Data
• Calibrating the correlation between black hole mass and X-ray variability amplitude: X-ray only black hole mass estimates for active galactic nuclei and ultra-luminous X-ray sources
• The importance of discovering a 3:2 twin-peak QPO in a ULX or how to solve the puzzle of intermediate mass black holes
• Discovery of a ~2 hr high frequency X-ray QPO and iron K alpha reverberation in the active galaxy MS 2254.9-3712
• A dust-parallax distance of 19 megaparsecs to the supermassive black hole in NGC 4151
• A Deep Chandra ACIS Study of NGC 4151. III. the Line Emission and Spectral Analysis of the Ionization Cone
• The Black Hole Mass of NGC 4151. II. Stellar Dynamical Measurement from Near-Infrared Integral Field Spectroscopy
• Revisiting Quasi-Periodic modulation in $\gamma$-ray Blazar PKS 2155-304 with Fermi Pass 8 data
• Detection of a possible X-ray Quasi-periodic Oscillation in the Active Galactic Nucleus 1H~0707-495
• The High-Frequency QPOs in GRS 1915+105
• Non-Axisymmetric g-Mode and p-Mode Instability in a Hydrodynamic Thin Accretion Disk
• HST Rotational Spectral Mapping of Two L-Type Brown Dwarfs: Variability In and Out of Water Bands Indicates High-Altitude Haze Layers
• Revisiting The Spectral and Timing Properties of NGC 4151
• A $\gamma$-ray Quasi-Periodic modulation in the Blazar PKS 0301$-$243?
• X-ray power law spectra in active galactic nuclei
• An X-ray periodicity of $\sim$1.8 hours in a narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxy Mrk 766
• QPOs in microquasars and Sgr A*: measuring the black hole spin
• Two transient X-ray Quasi-Periodic Oscillations separated by an intermediate state in 1H 0707-495
• Re-observing the NLS1 Galaxy RE J1034+396. I. the Long-term, Recurrent X-ray QPO with a High Significance
• Evidence for High-Frequency QPOs with a 3:2 Frequency Ratio from a 5000 Solar Mass Black Hole
• Mass Outflow of the X-ray Emission Line Gas in NGC 4151
• New Insights in the Spectral Variability and Physical Conditions of the X-ray Absorbers in NGC 4151
• Possible ~0.4 hour X-ray quasi-periodicity from an ultrasoft active galactic nucleus
• Revisit Short Term X-ray Spectral Variability of NGC 4151 with Chandra
• The Black Hole Mass of NGC 4151 from Stellar Dynamical Modeling
• A second view on the X-ray polarization of NGC 4151 with IXPE
• Origin and interpretation of kilohertz QPOs from strange stars in X-ray binary system: theoretical hydrodynamical description
• Wavelet analysis of millisecond variability of Cygnus X-1 during its failed state transition
• Searching for Quasi-periodic Oscillations in Active Galactic Nuclei of the Chandra Deep Field South
• Assessing indirect methods to determine black hole masses using NGC 4151
• Multi-wavelength study of NGC 1365: The obscured active nucleus and off-nuclear compact X-ray sources
• A double-period oscillation signal in millimeter emission of the radio galaxy NGC 1275
• An X-ray high-frequency quasi-periodic oscillation in NGC 1365
• KHz QPOs in LMXBs, relations between different frequencies and compactness of stars