Superballistic paradox in electron fluids: Evidence of tomographic transport
arXiv:2502.10265 · doi:10.1103/xsjh-lq5h
Abstract
Electron hydrodynamics encompasses the exotic fluid-like behavior of electrons in two-dimensional materials such as graphene. It accounts for superballistic conduction, also known as the Gurzhi effect, where increasing temperature reduces the electrical resistance. In analogy with conventional fluids, the Gurzhi effect is only expected in the hydrodynamic regime, with the decrease in the resistance occurring at intermediate temperatures. Nonetheless, experiments on electron fluids consistently show that superballistic conduction starts at close-to-zero temperatures. To address this paradox, we study hydrodynamic flow, and we find that replacing the classical dynamics with tomographic dynamics, where only head-on collisions are allowed between electrons, solves the dilemma. The latter strengthens superballistic conduction, with potential applications in low-dissipation devices, and explains its differences with the Molenkamp effect and conventional fluids dynamics. Our study reveals that the superballistic paradox is resolved by considering the electrons not as classical particles but as fermions.
References in corpus (25)
- Hydrodynamic approach to two-dimensional electron systems
- Geometric control of universal hydrodynamic flow in a two dimensional electron fluid
- Temperature dependence of the conductivity of ballistic graphene
- Observation of current whirlpools in graphene at room temperature
- Collective modes in interacting two-dimensional tomographic Fermi liquids
- Spread and erase -- How electron hydrodynamics can eliminate the Landauer-Sharvin resistance
- Superballistic electron flow through a point contact in a Ga[Al]As heterostructure
- Anomalously long lifetimes in two-dimensional Fermi liquids
- Effects of Electron-Electron Scattering in Wide Ballistic Microcontacts
- Wiedemann-Franz law in graphene
- Anomalous terahertz photoconductivity caused by the superballistic flow of hydrodynamic electrons in graphene
- Diffusion of photo-excited holes in viscous electron fluid
- Non-linear Transport Phenomena and Current-induced Hydrodynamics in Ultra-high Mobility Two-dimensional Electron Gas
- Superballistic conduction in hydrodynamic antidot graphene superlattices
- Breaking down the magnonic Wiedemann-Franz law in the hydrodynamic regime
- Alternative routes to electron hydrodynamics
- Temperature Dependence of Electron Viscosity in Superballistic GaAs Point Contacts
- Long distance electron-electron scattering detected with point contacts
- Magnetic field suppression of tomographic electron transport
- Linear-in-temperature conductance in two-dimensional electron fluids
- Testing the tomographic Fermi liquid hypothesis with high-order cyclotron resonance
- Two-dimensional electron gases as non-Newtonian fluids
- Nonlinear thermoelectric probes of anomalous electron lifetimes in topological Fermi liquids
- Odd-parity effect and scale-dependent viscosity in atomic quantum gases
- Nonequilibrium Relaxation and Odd-Even Effect in Finite-Temperature Electron Gases