Ice inventory towards the protostar Ced 110 IRS4 observed with the James Webb Space Telescope. Results from the ERS Ice Age program

Abstract

This work focuses on the ice features toward the binary protostellar system Ced 110 IRS 4A and 4B, and observed with JWST as part of the Early Release Science Ice Age collaboration. We aim to explore the JWST observations of the binary protostellar system Ced~110~IRS4A and IRS4B to unveil and quantify the ice inventories toward these sources. We compare the ice abundances with those found for the same molecular cloud. The analysis is performed by fitting or comparing laboratory infrared spectra of ices to the observations. Spectral fits are carried out with the ENIIGMA fitting tool that searches for the best fit. For Ced~110~IRS4B, we detected the major ice species H${}_2$O, CO, CO${}_2$ and NH${}_3$. All species are found in a mixture except for CO and CO${}_2$, which have both mixed and pure ice components. In the case of Ced~110~IRS4A, we detected the same major species as in Ced~110~IRS4B, as well as the following minor species CH${}_4$, SO${}_2$, CH${}_3$OH, OCN${}^{-}$, NH${}_4^{+}$ and HCOOH. Tentative detection of N${}_2$O ice (7.75~$\mu$m), forsterite dust (11.2~$\mu$m) and CH${}_3^{+}$ gas emission (7.18~$\mu$m) in the primary source are also presented. Compared with the two lines of sight toward background stars in the Chameleon I molecular cloud, the protostar has similar ice abundances, except in the case of the ions that are higher in IRS4A. The clearest differences are the absence of the 7.2 and 7.4~$\mu$m absorption features due to HCOO${}^{-}$ and icy complex organic molecules in IRS4A and evidence of thermal processing in both IRS4A and IRS4B as probed by the CO${}_2$ ice features. We conclude that the binary protostellar system Ced~110~IRS4A and IRS4B has a large inventory of icy species. The similar ice abundances in comparison to the starless regions in the same molecular cloud suggest that the chemical conditions of the protostar were set at earlier stages in the molecular cloud.

33 pages, 19 Figures. Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics

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