The large-scale structure around the Fornax-Eridanus Complex

Abstract

Our objectives are to map the filamentary network around the Fornax-Eridanus Complex and probe the influence of the local environment on galaxy morphology. We employ the novel machine-learning tool, 1-DREAM (1-Dimensional, Recovery, Extraction, and Analysis of Manifolds) to detect and model filaments around the Fornax cluster. We then use the morphology-density relation of galaxies to examine the variation in the galaxies' morphology with respect to their distance from the central axis of the detected filaments. We detect 27 filaments that vary in length and galaxy-number density around the Fornax-Eridanus Complex. These filaments showcase a variety of environments; some filaments encompass groups/clusters, while others are only inhabited by galaxies in pristine filamentary environments. We also reveal a well-known structure -- the Fornax Wall, that passes through the Dorado group, Fornax cluster, and Eridanus supergroup. Regarding the morphology of galaxies, we find that early-type galaxies (ETGs) populate high-density filaments and high-density regions of the Fornax Wall. Furthermore, the fraction of ETGs decreases as the distance to the filament spine increases. Of the total galaxy population in filaments, ~7% are ETGs and ~24% are late-type galaxies (LTGs) located in pristine environments of filaments, while ~27% are ETGs and ~42% are LTGs in groups/clusters within filaments. This study reveals the Cosmic Web around the Fornax Cluster and asserts that filamentary environments are heterogeneous in nature. When investigating the role of the environment on galaxy morphology, it is essential to consider both, the local number-density and a galaxy's proximity to the filament spine. Within this framework, we ascribe the observed morphological segregation in the Fornax Wall to pre-processing of galaxies within groups embedded in it.

Accepted for publication in A&A. 21 pages with 15 figures

References in corpus (26)

• The Astropy Project: Sustaining and Growing a Community-oriented Open-source Project and the Latest Major Release (v5.0) of the Core Package
• The EAGLE project: Simulating the evolution and assembly of galaxies and their environments
• Introducing the Illustris Project: Simulating the coevolution of dark and visible matter in the Universe
• Galaxy Zoo: the dependence of morphology and colour on environment
• The Laniakea supercluster of galaxies
• Galaxy Groups within 3500 km s${}^{-1}$
• From voids to filaments: environmental transformations of galaxies in the SDSS
• Shapley Optical Survey II: The effect of environment on the colour-magnitude relation and galaxy colours
• Eridanus - A Supergroup in the Local Universe?
• From blue star-forming to red passive: galaxies in transition in different environments
• Discovery of a supercluster in the ZOA in Vela
• Radio footprints of a minor merger in the Shapley Supercluster: From supercluster down to galactic scales
• Optimising gravitational waves follow-up using galaxies stellar mass
• The Imprint of Cosmic Web Quenching on Central Galaxies
• Sloan Great Wall as a complex of superclusters with collapsing cores
• A MeerKAT view of pre-processing in the Fornax A group
• The boundary of cosmic filaments
• Characterising superclusters with the galaxy cluster distribution
• The Role of Groups in Galaxy Evolution: compelling evidence of pre-processing out to the turnaround radius of clusters
• Rivers of Gas I.: Unveiling The Properties of High Redshift Filaments
• Swarm Intelligence-based Extraction and Manifold Crawling Along the Large-Scale Structure
• 1-DREAM: 1D Recovery, Extraction and Analysis of Manifolds in noisy environments
• On the accretion of a new group of galaxies onto Virgo: II. The effect of pre-processing on the stellar population content of dEs
• Dissecting a miniature universe: A multi-wavelength view of galaxy quenching in the Shapley supercluster
• Expanding on the Fundamental Metallicity Relation in Dwarf Galaxies with MUSE
• Galaxy clusters in the Vela supercluster. -- I. Deep NIR catalogues

Cited by in corpus (7)

• The MeerKAT Fornax Survey IV. A close look at the cluster physics through the densest rotation measure grid
• CHANCES, the Chilean Cluster Galaxy Evolution Survey: Selection and initial characterisation of clusters and superclusters
• Euclid: Early Release Observations of diffuse stellar structures and globular clusters as probes of the mass assembly of galaxies in the Dorado group
• Galaxy Superclusters and Their Complexes in the Cosmic Web
• The spatial distribution of dwarf and giant galaxies in and around Virgo cluster
• The S-PLUS Fornax Project (S+FP): An extragalactic catalog covering $\sim$ 5 virial radii around NGC 1399 with galaxy properties
• The influence of the Cosmic Web on the properties of dwarf galaxies in the Fornax-Eridanus Supercluster