Structured Jet Model for Multiwavelength Observations of the Jetted Tidal Disruption Event AT 2022cmc

Abstract

AT 2022cmc is a recently documented tidal disruption event (TDE) that exhibits a luminous jet, accompanied by fast-declining X-ray and long-lasting radio/millimeter emission. Motivated by the distinct spectral and temporal signatures between X-ray and radio observations, we propose a multizone model involving relativistic jets with different Lorentz factors. We systematically study the evolution of the faster and slower jets in an external density profile, considering the continuous energy injection rate associated with the time-dependent accretion rates before and after the mass fallback time. We investigate time-dependent multiwavelength emission from both the forward shock and reverse shock regions of the fast and slow jets, in a self-consistent manner. Our analysis demonstrates that the energy injection rate can significantly impact the jet evolution and subsequently influence the lightcurves. We find that the X-ray spectra and lightcurves can be described by the electron synchrotron emission from the reverse shock of the faster jet, in which the late-time X-ray upper limits, extending to 400 days after the disruption, could be interpreted as the jet break steepening. Meanwhile, the radio observations can be interpreted as a result of synchrotron emissions from the forward shock region of the slower jet. We also discuss prospects for testing the model with current and future observations.

17 pages, 5 figures and 1 table. Accepted for publication in ApJ

References in corpus (16)

• Can the early X-ray afterglow of GRBs be explained by a contribution from the reverse shock?
• A very luminous jet from the disruption of a star by a massive black hole
• A 200-s Quasi-Periodicity Following the Tidal Disruption of a Star by a Dormant Black Hole
• High-Energy Neutrino Flares From X-Ray Bright and Dark Tidal Disruptions Events
• The Birth of a Relativistic Jet Following the Disruption of a Star by a Cosmological Black Hole
• The radio afterglow of Swift J1644+57 reveals a powerful jet with fast core and slow sheath
• Radio Monitoring of the Tidal Disruption Event Swift J164449.3+573451. IV. Continued Fading and Non-Relativistic Expansion
• Quasi-Periodic Variations in X-ray Emission and Long-Term Radio Observations: Evidence for a Two-Component Jet in Sw J1644+57
• Neutrino Emission from an Off-Axis Jet Driven by the Tidal Disruption Event AT2019dsg
• Fast Radio Bursts with Extended Gamma-Ray Emission?
• Day-timescale variability in the radio light curve of the Tidal Disruption Event AT2022cmc: confirmation of a highly relativistic outflow
• Two Candidate Obscured Tidal Disruption Events Coincident with High-energy Neutrinos
• Post-Merger Jets from Supermassive Black Hole Coalescences as Electromagnetic Counterparts of Gravitational Wave Emission
• AT2021lwx: Another Neutrino-Coincident Tidal Disruption Event with a Strong Dust Echo?
• Neutrinos from tidal disruption events
• Two-component off-axis jet model for radio flares of tidal disruption events

Cited by in corpus (3)

• AM${}^3$: An Open-Source Tool for Time-Dependent Lepto-Hadronic Modeling of Astrophysical Sources
• Revisiting X-ray Afterglows of Jetted Tidal Disruption Events with the External Reverse Shock
• The Multiband Emission of the two-component Gamma-Ray Burst jet influenced by progenitor winds within the Accretion Disk of Active Galactic Nuclei