Dynamical dark energy in the light of DESI 2024 data

Abstract

The latest findings from the DESI (Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument) data release 1 (DR1) [1], combined with data from the cosmic microwave background and supernovae, suggest a preference for dynamical dark energy over the cosmological constant. This study has considered the Chevallier-Polarski- Linder (CPL) parameterization for the dark energy equation of state (EoS) and has indicated a possible phantom barrier crossing in the recent past. Despite CPL being the most commonly used parameterization, recent research has pointed out issues with its prior selection and parameter degeneracies. In this paper, we propose an alternative two-parameter parameterization of the dark energy equation of state (EoS). At higher redshifts, it behaves like the cosmological constant. At redshifts z < 1, this parameterization closely approximates the CPL form but deviates from it at lower redshifts. Our findings also indicate that the current value of the EoS of dark energy resembles quintessence, with evidence of a recent crossing of the phantom barrier, supporting the conclusions in [1]. Furthermore, our model significantly reduces the Hubble tension to about 2.8σ when compared to Hubble Space Telescope and SH0ES data [2], and to 1.6σ with standardized TRGB and Type Ia supernova data [3]. Bayesian model selection using Bayes factors and Akaike Information Criteria (ACI), shows a strong preference for our parameterization over the Λ CDM model, aligned with the DESI2024 results and favoring dynamical dark energy.

14 pages, 9 figures

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• Robustness of dark energy phenomenology across different parameterizations
• Interacting Dark Sectors in light of DESI DR2
• Is Dark Energy Dynamical in the DESI Era? A Critical Review
• Cosmological constraints on nonphantom dynamical dark energy with DESI Data Release 2 Baryon Acoustic Oscillations: A 3$\sigma$+ lensing anomaly
• Examining Quintessence Models with DESI Data
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• Gaussian-process reconstructions and model building of quintom dark energy from latest cosmological observations
• Revisiting cosmic acceleration with DESI BAO
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• Revisiting CPL with sign-switching density: To cross or not to cross the NECB
• Late-time Background Constraints on Linear and Non-linear Interacting Dark Energy after DESI DR2
• Quintom Dark Energy: Future Attractor and Phantom Crossing in Light of DESI DR2 Observation
• Cosmic acceleration and the Hubble tension from baryon acoustic oscillation data
• Nonlinear Matter Power Spectrum from relativistic $N$-body Simulations: ${\Lambda }_{\mathrm{s}}$CDM versus $\Lambda$CDM
• From negative to positive cosmological constant through decreasing temperature of the Universe: connection with string theory and spacetime foliation results
• Sound Mode and Scale-Dependent Growth in Two-Fluid Dynamical Dark Energy
• Halo spin and orientation in Interacting Dark Matter Dark Energy Cosmology
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• Modifying $\Lambda$CDM dynamics via out-of-equilibrium axions: reconciling SH0ES and DESI $H_0$ values