Shallow core levels, or how to determine the doping and $T_c$ of Bi$_2$Sr$_2$CaCu$_2$O$_{8+δ}$ and Bi$_{2}$Sr$_2$CuO$_{6+δ}$ without cooling

Tonica Valla; Asish K. Kundu; Petar Pervan; Ivo Pletikosić; Ilya K. Drozdov; Zebin Wu; Genda D. Gu

doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.109.224507

paper

Shallow core levels, or how to determine the doping and $T_{c}$ of Bi $_{2}$ Sr $_{2}$ CaCu $_{2}$ O $_{8 + δ}$ and Bi $_{2}$ Sr $_{2}$ CuO $_{6 + δ}$ without cooling

arXiv:2405.18519 · doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.109.224507

Abstract

Determining the doping level in high-temperature cuprate superconductors is crucial for understanding the origin of superconductivity in these materials and for unlocking their full potential. However, accurately determining the doping level remains a significant challenge due to a complex interplay of factors and limitations in various measurement techniques. In particular, in Bi $_{2}$ Sr $_{2}$ CuO $_{6 + δ}$ and Bi $_{2}$ Sr $_{2}$ CaCu $_{2}$ O $_{8 + δ}$ , where the mobile carriers are introduced by non-stoichiometric oxygen $δ$ , the determination has been extremely problematic. Here, we study the doping dependence of the electronic structure of these materials in angle-resolved photoemission and find that both the doping level, $p$ , and the superconducting transition temeprature, $T_{c}$ can be precisely determined from the binding energy of the Bi $5 d$ core-levels. The measurements can be performed at room temperature, enabling the determination of $p$ and $T_{c}$ without cooling the samples. This should be very helpful for further studies of these materials.

arXiv comment9 pages, 5 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1811.05425

Shallow core levels, or how to determine the doping and Tc​ of Bi2​Sr2​CaCu2​O8+δ​ and Bi2​Sr2​CuO6+δ​ without cooling

Abstract

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Shallow core levels, or how to determine the doping and $T_{c}$ of Bi $_{2}$ Sr $_{2}$ CaCu $_{2}$ O $_{8 + δ}$ and Bi $_{2}$ Sr $_{2}$ CuO $_{6 + δ}$ without cooling