Collisions of Spin-polarized YO Molecules for Single Partial Waves

Abstract

Efficient sub-Doppler laser cooling and optical trapping of YO molecules offer new opportunities to study collisional dynamics in the quantum regime. Confined in a crossed optical dipole trap, we achieve the highest phase-space density of $2.5\times 10^{-5}$ for a bulk laser-cooled molecular sample. This sets the stage to study YO--YO collisions in the microkelvin temperature regime, and reveal state-dependent, single-partial-wave two-body collisional loss rates. We determine the partial-wave contributions to loss of specific rotational states (first excited $N=1$ and ground $N=0$) following two strategies. First, we measure the change of the collision rate in a spin mixture of $N=1$ by tuning the kinetic energy with respect to the p- and d-wave centrifugal barriers. Second, we compare loss rates between a spin mixture and a spin-polarized state in $N=0$. Using quantum defect theory with a partially absorbing boundary condition at short range, we show that the dependence on temperature for $N=1$ can be reproduced in the presence of a d-wave or f-wave resonance, and the dependence on a spin mixture for $N=0$ with a p-wave resonance.

5 Pages, 4 Figures. Fixed typos. Collisional loss data in $N=1$ and $N=0$ is now presented as density versus time instead of number versus time. This work is published in Physical Review A (Copyright 2024 by the American Physical Society). The link to the article is https://journals.aps.org/pra/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevA.110.L041306

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