Suppression of the superfluid Kelvin-Helmholtz instability due to massive vortex cores, friction and confinement

Abstract

We characterize the dynamical instability responsible for the breakdown of regular rows and necklaces of quantized vortices that appear at the interface between two superfluids in relative motion. Making use of a generalized point-vortex model, we identify several mechanisms leading to the suppression of this instability. They include a non-zero mass of the vortex cores, dissipative processes resulting from the interaction between the vortices and the excitations of the superfluid, and the proximity of the vortex array to the sample boundaries. We show that massive vortex cores not only have a mitigating effect on the dynamical instability, but also change the associated scaling law and affect the direction along which it develops. The predictions of our massive and dissipative point-vortex model are eventually compared against recent experimental measurements of the maximum instability growth rate relevant to vortex necklaces in a cold-atom platform.

Revised version after peer review, 26 pages, 13 figures

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Cited by in corpus (8)

• Massive-vortex realization of a Bosonic Josephson Junction
• Universal description of massive point vortices and verification methods of vortex inertia in superfluids
• Supercurrents and tunneling in massive many-vortex necklaces and star-lattices
• Rayleigh-Taylor, Kelvin-Helmholtz and immiscible to miscible quenching instabilities in binary Bose-Einstein condensates
• Measuring mutual friction in superfluids: the role of initial vortex configuration fluctuations
• Dynamical signature of vortex mass in Fermi superfluids
• Probing Superfluidity with Quantum Vortex Necklaces
• Effect of Population Imbalance on Vortex Mass in Superfluid Fermi Gases