Deconfinement transitions in three-dimensional compact lattice Abelian Higgs models with multiple-charge scalar fields

Abstract

We investigate the nature of the deconfinement transitions in three-dimensional lattice Abelian Higgs models, in which a complex scalar field of integer charge $Q\ge 2$ is minimally coupled with a compact $U(1)$ gauge field. Their phase diagram presents two phases separated by a transition line where static charges $q$, with $q<Q$, deconfine. We argue that these deconfinement transitions belong to the same universality class as transitions in generic three-dimensional ${\mathbb{Z}}_Q$ gauge models. In particular, they are Ising-like for $Q=2$, of first order for $Q=3$, and belong to the three-dimensional gauge $XY$ universality class for $Q\ge 4$. This general scenario is supported by numerical finite-size scaling analyses of the energy cumulants for $Q=2$, $Q=4$, and $Q=6$.

20 pages, 19 pdf figures

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• Conjecture on the lower bound of the length-scale critical exponent $\nu$ at continuous phase transitions
• Revisiting vestigial order in nematic superconductors: gauge-field mechanisms and model constraints
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